Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Participants According to Extent of Hepatic Steatosis, n = 133
| No Steatosis (n = 52) | Mild Steatosis (n = 41) | Severe Steatosis (n = 40) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex | 27 (51) | 14 (34) | 18 (45) | 0.229 |
| Age (years) | 49 ± 2 | 51 ± 2 | 49 ± 2 | 0.634 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 39 ± 1 | 41 ± 1 | 41 ± 1 | 0.442 |
| Body fat (%) | 45 ± 1 | 45 ± 2 | 46 ± 1 | 0.695 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.2 ± 0.1 | 5.2 ± 0.1 | 5.4 ± 0.1 | 0.301 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.2a | 0.039 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 0.1 | 4.9 ± 0.2 | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 0.671 |
| High-density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 1.2 ± 0.0 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.0 | 0.287 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.2 | 3.2 ± 0.1 | 0.620 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 26 ± 2 | 38 ± 3b | 40 ± 3c | <0.001 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 22 ± 1 | 30 ± 3 | 32 ± 3b | 0.004 |
| Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L) | 34 ± 4 | 42 ± 7 | 42 ± 4 | 0.320 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 4.9 ± 0.9 | 6.0 ± 1.0 | 7.6 ± 1.3 | 0.197 |
| Resting energy expenditure (kcal/day) | 1,862 ± 48 | 2,000 ± 72 | 1,931 ± 54 | 0.256 |
| IHTG (%) | 2.9 ± 0.2 | 10.4 ± 0.4c | 23.3 ± 1.0,c,d | <0.001 |
Data are count (%) or mean ± SEM. No, mild, and severe steatosis were defined as intrahepatic triglycerides (IHTG) <5.56%, 5.56%–15%, or >15%, respectively.
a
p < 0.05 versus no steatosis.
b
p < 0.01 versus no steatosis.
c
p < 0.001 versus no steatosis.
d
p < 0.001 versus mild steatosis.