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. 2017 Jun 14;10:182. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00182

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Copyright © 2017 Shetty, Hattiangady, Upadhya, Bates, Attaluri, Shuai, Kodali and Shetty.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The hippocampus of rats with chronic gulf war illness-like symptoms (GWI-rats) showed a higher expression of multiple antioxidant genes. (A) Cluster diagram comparing the relative expression of antioxidant genes between animals exposed to vehicle (n = 5), GWI-related chemicals (GWIR-Cs), and stress (n = 5), which was measured 6 months after exposure using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Bar charts comparing the expression of Apc, Gsr, Gstk1, Gstp1, Prdx5, Ptgs1, and Srxn1, between the vehicle and GWI groups are illustrated in B1–B7. The bar charts comparing the expression of Cat, Ctsb, Gpx3-4, Gpx6-7, Prdx1-2, Prdx6, Txnrd1, and Txnrd2, between the vehicle and GWI groups are illustrated in Figure 1. ^∗p < 0.05; ^∗∗p < 0.01; ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.