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. 2017 May 11;135(5):469–476. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.0266

Table 2. Association Between Severity of AMD and VSF by Ethnicitya.

Ethnic Group VSF Score, Mean (SD) P Value
All Participants No AMD Early AMD Late AMD
Chinese 4.05 (0.91) 4.07 (0.88) 3.91 (1.00) 3.00 (1.91) <.001b
Malay 3.63 (1.30) 3.64 (1.28) 3.51 (1.51) 2.51 (2.01) <.001b
Indian 3.67 (1.25) 3.68 (1.25) 3.57 (1.24) 3.38 (1.48) .37

Abbreviations: AMD, age-related macular degeneration; VSF, vision-specific functioning.

a

For definitions of early and late AMD used in this study, see the Assessment and Definitions of AMD subsection in the Methods section.

b

Indicates statistical significance.