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. 2017 May 10;17(5):1082. doi: 10.3390/s17051082

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Typical weld bead obtained experimentally presenting the three classes: desired weld bead, shrinkage cavity and burn through. Cross-sectional A-A of a shrinkage cavity; cross-sectional B-B of the desired weld bead; longitudinal-sectional C-C of a shrinkage cavity. Signals collected by DAQs: (a) audible signal; and (b) acoustic emission in time.