TABLE 1.
Characteristics of Enrolled Studies Using a Forward Approach (CP in CA Cases)
| Studies Enrolled | Country | Study Period | wk/g | CP/CA, n/N | Mortality Before Discharge, n/N | Singleton/Twin | CP Diagnosed Age, y | Study Type by Original Authors | Study Quality | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCA preterm | ||||||||||
| Bashir et al25 2016 | Canada | 1995–2007 | <1250 g | 23/130: 37/437 | NA | NA | 3 | Retrospective | Good | Bronchopulmonary dysplasia cohort |
| Mendez-Figueroa et al26 2015 | United States | 1997–2004 | 23–36 | 9/220: 78/2336 | 16/220: 99/2336 | Both | 2 | Second RCT | Good | Treated with antenatal steroid or MgSO4 |
| Nasef et al27 2013-1 | Canada | 2007–2008 | <30 | 2/23: 9/96 | 4/33: 25/146 | NA | 1.5 | Retrospective cohort | Good | HCA + CCA included |
| Botet et al28 2011 | Spain | 2004–2006 | <1500 g | 5/103: 11/106 | NA | Both | 2 | Case-control | Good | |
| Allan et al29 1997 | United States | 1989–1992 | 600–1250 g | 10/53: 26/322 | NA | Both | 1.5 | Second RCT | Good | |
| Gray et al30 1997 | Australia | 1988–1990 | 24–29 | 1/12: 8/110 | 4/16: 58/173 | Both | 2 | Cohort | Good | |
| CCA mixed gestation | ||||||||||
| Bear and Wu31 2016 | United States | 1991–2001 | Mixed | 642/118 578: 7831/5 899 926 | NA | NA | ≥5 | Retrospective cohort | Good | Postnatally caused CP excluded |
| Trønnes et al32 2014 | Norway | 1967–2001 | 23–43 | 69/4195: 3082/88 125 | NA | Both | Unknown, possibly >4 | Prospective cohort | Fair | CA + fever or sepsis |
| HCA preterm | ||||||||||
| Huetz et al33 2016 | France | 2008–2011 | 24–34 | 4/57: 13/219 | 6/57: 16/219 | Singleton | 2 | Retrospective cohort | Good | |
| Miyazaki et al34 2016 | Japan | 2003–2007 | 22–34 | 64/661: 101/1522 | 129/1235: 221/2843 | Singleton | 3–3.5 | Retrospective cohort | Good | |
| Miyazaki et al35 2015: 1 | Japan | 2003–2007 | 22–34 | 21/249: 50/575 | 32/438: 70/1089 | Singleton | 3–3.5 | Retrospective cohort | Good | Antenatal steroid, data included in ref 34 |
| Miyazaki et al35 2015: 2 | Japan | 2003–2007 | 22–34 | 15/194: 72/906 | 65/402: 173/1645 | Singleton | 3–3.5 | Retrospective cohort | Good | No antenatal steroid, data included in ref 34 |
| Pappas et al36 2014: 1 | United States | 2006–2008 | <27 | 23/473: 23/512 | 477/910: 423/1014 | Both | 1.5–2 | Retrospective cohort | Good | |
| Nasef et al27 2013: 2 | Canada | 2007–2008 | <30 | 2/61: 9/96 | 15/95: 25/146 | NA | 1.5 | Retrospective cohort | Good | HCA + CCA excluded |
| Soraisham et al37 2013 | Canada | 2000–2006 | <29 | 25/197: 12/187 | 46/270: 41/259 | Both | 2.5–3.5 | Retrospective cohort | Good | |
| Watterberg et al38 2007: 1 | United States | 2001–2003 | 500 g–1 kg | 7/55: 8/52 | NA | Both | 1.5–2 | Second RCT | Good | Postnatal saline placebo, ventilated |
| Watterberg et al38 2007: 2 | United States | 2001–2003 | 500 g–1 kg | 7/57: 6/46 | NA | Both | 1.5–2 | Second RCT | Good | Postnatal steroid, ventilated |
| Polam et al39 2005 | United States | 1997–2000 | 22–29 | 9/102: 5/75 | 37/186: 38/251 | NA | 1–2 | Case-control | Good | |
| Kent et al40 2005: 1 | Australia | 1996–2001 | <30 | 3/9: 1/31 | 4/14: 8/47 | NA | 1–3 | Cohort | Good | No antenatal steroid |
| Kent et al40 2005: 2 | Australia | 1996–2001 | <30 | 5/49: 5/77 | 4/58: 8/101 | NA | 1–3 | Cohort | Good | Antenatal steroid |
| CCA and HCA preterm | ||||||||||
| Pappas et al36 2014: 2 | United States | 2006–2008 | <27 | 17/209: 23/512 | 215/466: 423/1014 | Both | 1.5–2 | Retrospective cohort | Good | |
| CCA or HCA preterm | ||||||||||
| Fung et al41 2003 | Australia | 1997–2001 | <28 or <1000 g | 3/12: 5/43 | 34/105: 74/283 | NA | 2 | Prospective cohort | Good |
NA, not available.