Table 1.

Summary of various CRISPR-Cas nucleases.

Nuclease type	Enzyme name	WT/mutants	PAM	Protein size	Typical protospacer length	DNA end	Pros/Cons
Cas9	SpCas9	WT5	5′-NGG-3′	1,368 a.a.	20 nt	blunt end	Most commonly used/Large protein size
		VQR25	5′-NGAN-3′				Different PAM specificities/Large protein size
		EQR25	5′-NGAG-3′
		VRER25	5′-NGCG-3′
	SaCas9	WT15	5′-NNGRRT-3′	1,053 a.a.			Small protein size/Relatively strict PAM
		KKH41	5′-NNNRRT-3′
	FnCas9	WT43	5′-NGG-3′	1,629 a.a.			Less restrictive PAM/Large protein size, less application examples
		RHA43	5′-YG-3′
	NmCas9	WT69	5′-NNNNGATT-3′	1,082 a.a.	24 nt		Small protein size/Strict PAM
	St1Cas9	WT70	5′-NNAGAAW-3′	1,121 a.a.	20 nt		Small protein size/Strict PAM
	BlatCas9	WT42	5′-NNNNCNDD-3′	1,092 a.a.	21 nt		Less restrictive PAM, small protein size/Less application examples
Cpf1	AsCpf1	WT44	5′-TTTN-3′	1,307 a.a.	23 nt	sticky end	Various unique characteristics (see main text)/Strict PAM
	LbCpf1	WT44	5′-TTTN-3′	1,228 a.a.