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. 2017 Jun 14;7:3491. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-03675-z

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Andrographolide-treated mice are protected from CDAA-induced hepatomegaly and liver injury. Mice weaned after 21 days were placed on normal chow diet for 4 weeks and thereafter placed either on choline-deficient amino acid-defined (CDAA) or choline-supplemented L-amino acid defined (CSAA) diets for an additional 22 weeks. During this period mice were injected with AP three times per week (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). (A) Body weight gain, (B) Liver weight, (C) alanine aminotransferase (ALT) serum levels, (D) Histological evaluation of liver tissue (hematoxylin/eosin staining), inflammatory foci and hepatocyte ballooning are indicated by black and yellow arrows respectively. (E) Hepatic triglyceride content (HTC). (F) Oil-red-O staining of liver samples. (G) Non-alcoholic activity score (NAS) as assessed by a pathologist in a blindly fashion. Data are shown as means ± SEM. Statistical significance was evaluated using ANOVA with a post-hoc Bonferroni multiple-comparison test (*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01 and ***p ≤ 0.001).