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. 2017 Jun 14;7:3494. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-03796-5

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Gene expression and cytokine levels of oxLDL-loaded bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) treated with PepA. (A) TNFα and IL10 cytokine secretion in supernatant of Wt mouse BMDMs, exposed to oxLDL for 24 hr and, subsequently, treated with or without PepA (4 hr) and LPS (4 hr). (B,C) Gene expression analysis of Tnfα, Ccl2, Cd36, HmG-CoAR and Cyp27a1 measured in Wt mouse BMDMs. Gene expression data are shown relative to DMSO-treated BMDMs. All data represent the mean value of three or four independent experiments (with n = 13-16 per group). Error bars represent ± SEM; *indicates p ≤ 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 compared to DMSO-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages by use of two-tailed unpaired t test.