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. 2017 Jun 14;7:3466. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-03322-7

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Nicotinamide induces cell cycle arrest. (a) Cytoscape visualization of cell cycle regulatory network. The colors of the border and inside circle indicate the expression levels of transcriptome and proteome data, respectively. Gray edge indicates the protein-protein interaction based on the STRING database, whereas the arrows and inhibition symbols represent the activation and repression information, respectively. Nodes with asterisks indicate that the protein expression was assessed by only western blotting without the use of proteome data. There is no significant difference regarding the expression level if the color of the node is gray. (b) Proposed model of nicotinamide-induced cell cycle interaction network. Networks are represented by proteome, transcriptome and western blotting data. Red indicates increased expression, blue indicates decreased expression and gray indicates no significant difference. (c) Expression of RB and the phosphorylation and acetylation of RB in nicotinamide-treated cells were examined via western blotting. (d) Densitometry analysis of p-RB and ac-RB was quantitated using ImageJ. Values were normalized to the levels of RB. The data represent the mean ± SD (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). Abbreviations: ac - acetylation, p - phosphorylation, WB - western blot.