Figure 1.

GAPDH suppressed cell apoptosis and prevented oxidative DNA damage via Ape1 endonuclease. WT or GAPDH-overexpressing R3 SMCs were transfected with GAPDH-targeted siRNA (A, B), Ape1-targeted siRNA (C, D), or with control (scrambled) siRNA, and cells were exposed to 110 μM H₂O₂ for 16 h. Cell death was measured with Cell Death ELISA (A, C), and AP site number was quantified by OxiSelect Oxidative DNA damage ELISA (B, D). Data from a representative experiment are shown. Each experiment was repeated at least 3 times. NS, not significant. *P < 0.05, ^¶P < 0.01, ^§P < 0.005, ^¥P < 0.001.