Table 3.
Effect modification of the association between job strain and hospital-treated depression by age, sex and socio-economic status a
| Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No job strain | Job strain | Job strain v. no job strain in each subgroup | Departure from additivity | Departure from multiplicativity | |
| Age, years | 0.8761 | 0.7418 | |||
| 18–35 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.66 (1.25–2.21) | 1.60 (1.20–2.13) | ||
| 35–49 | 1.08 (0.89–1.31) | 1.21 (0.85–1.72) | 1.18 (0.92–1.51) | ||
| 50+ | 0.74 (0.60–0.92) | 0.75 (0.56–1.01) | 1.16 (0.81–1.67) | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Men | 1.00 (reference) | 1.20 (0.92–1.58) | 1.21 (0.92–1.60) | ||
| Women | 1.00 (0.79–1.27) | 1.43 (0.99–2.07) | 1.30 (1.04–1.63) | ||
| Socio-economic status | 0.3187 | 0.1381 | |||
| Intermediate/high | 1.00 (reference) | 1.45 (1.14–1.85) | 1.43 (1.13–1.81) | ||
| Low | 1.42 (1.16–1.72) | 1.58 (1.21–2.05) | 1.11(0.88–1.41) | ||
COPSOQ, Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire; WOLF-N, Work, Lipids, Fibrinogen Study from Norrland; PUMA, Burnout, Motivation and Job Satisfaction.
a
Studies containing subgroups without depression cases were not included in the subgroup analysis – for age: COPSOQ I, Whitehall II, WOLF-N; for sex: COPSOQ I, PUMA, WOLF-N; for socio-economic status: COPSOQ I.