TABLE 1.
Cross-resistance to antimicrobial agents and dyes of Campylobacter spp. isolated from commercial poultry flocksa
| Agent | Concn (≥μg/ml) used to determine resistance | % Resistance among Cips isolates (no. of isolates) in flock:
|
% Resistance among Cipr isolates (no. of isolates) in flock:
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||
| ERY | 4 | 2 (1) | 5 (2) | 24 (6) | 26 (10) | 7 (2) | 29 (23) | 2 (1) | 29 (12) | 3 (2) | 25 (15) |
| CHL | 8 | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | 16 (4) | 0 (0) | 4 (1) | 5 (4) | 0 (0) | 20 (8) | 0 (0) | 2 (1) |
| TET | 8 | 9 (4) | 0 (0) | 36 (9) | 0 (0) | 78 (21) | 51 (40) | 0 (0) | 68 (28) | 19 (13) | 61 (37) |
| KAN | 16 | 13 (6) | 10 (4) | 56 (14) | 10 (4) | 7 (2) | 10 (8) | 19 (8) | 49 (20) | 13 (9) | 3 (2) |
| AMP | 16 | 28 (13) | 71 (30) | 20 (5) | 13 (5) | 59 (16) | 83 (65) | 74 (31) | 80 (33) | 25 (17) | 36 (22) |
| EtBr | 8 | 15 (7) | 17 (7) | 40 (10) | 18 (7) | 59 (16) | 41 (32) | 2 (1) | 20 (8) | 54 (37) | 77 (47) |
| MDR | 4 (2) | 5 (2) | 24 (6) | 5 (2) | 44 (12) | 32 (25) | 0 (0) | 46 (19) | 9 (6) | 38 (23) | |
| Total | 46 | 42 | 25 | 39 | 27 | 78 | 42 | 41 | 68 | 61 | |
a
Cips, MICs ≤ 1 μg/ml; Cipr, MICs ≥ 2 μg/ml. MDR indicates resistance to three or more of the following agents: erythromycin (ERY), chloramphenicol (CHL), tetracycline (TET), kanamycin (KAN), ampicillin (AMP), or ethidium bromide (EtBr).