Table 2.

Characteristics of the SNPs and Distribution of the Genetic Profile Score

			Molecular Characteristics			Phenotype Association Studies		Genotype Distribution
Gene	Protein/Function	SNP	SNP Location	Effect on Expression	Hypothesized Mechanism	Disorders	Endophenotype	Genotypes	N	E/I Profile
GRIN1	Excitatory NMDA receptor (subunit NR1)	rs11146020	5′UTR	N/A	C allele may alter consensus binding sequence of p50 subunit of NF-kB transcription factor44	Schizophrenia44,58	Depressive symptoms60	G/C	8	Intermediate
						Bipolar disorder59		G/G	29	High
GRIK3	Excitatory glutamate kainate receptor (subunit 3)	rs6691840	Coding	T allele associated with lower expression in brain tissue61	T allele may decrease expression by facilitating allele- specific imprinting61	Schizophrenia45,62,63	Depressive symptoms65	T/T	19	Low
						Recurrent depression64		T/G	16	Intermediate
								G/G	2	High
GAD1	Glutamate decaroboxylase 1 enzyme— converts Glu to GABA	rs3749034	5′UTR	G allele associated with lower expression in brain tissue of schizophrenic patients46	G allele may alter binding sites of transcription factors AREB6 and MYOD146; may further modulate E/I balance by altering expression of nearby potassium- chloride transporter gene SLC12A5 (KCCN2)66,67	Schizophrenia,46,68,69 panic disorder (females only)70	Working memory and PFC function46,69; cortical thickness in parahippocampal gyrus71	A/A	2	Low
								G/A	11	Intermediate
								G/G	24	High
GABRB2	Inhibitory GABA A receptor (beta 2 subunit)	rs187269	Intronic	C allele associated with lower expression in brain tissue of sz patients67,72	C allele may alter an intronic splice site and reduce expression of select splice variants72	Schizophrenia47,73	Psychotic symptom severity; altruism/social cognition75	T/T	12	Low
						Bipolar disorder74		C/T	21	Intermediate
								C/C	4	High

Note: MPFC, medial prefrontal cortex; CSF, cerebral spinal fluid; GM/WM, grey matter to white matter; PLE, power law exponent; GABA, Gamma-AminoButyric Acid; E/I = excitation/inhibition.