Table 3.
Prenatal risk factors for childhood CKD [adapted from 91]
| Neonatal factors |
Maternal factors |
|||||
| LBW | HBW | preexisting DM | GDM | overweight | obesity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude OR | 2.41 | 1.17 | 1.97 | 1.40 | 1.19 | 1.27 |
| 95% CI | 2.08 – 2.80 | 1.03 – 1.34 | 1.15 – 3.37 | 1.11 – 1.77 | 1.02 – 1.38 | 1.08 – 1.49 |
| Adjusted OR1 | 2.88 | 0.97 | 1.12 | 1.54 | 1.24 | 1.26 |
| 95% CI | 2.28 – 3.63 | 0.79 – 1.21 | 0.4 – 2.84 | 1.13 – 2.09 | 1.05 – 1.48 | 1.05 – 1.52 |
CI, confidence interval; DM, diabetes mellitus; HBW, high birth weight; OR, odds ratio. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) defined by ICD-9 code 585.x, including obstruction and dysplasia.
1
Adjustments listed in primary reference included maternal body mass index, smoking, and gestational hypertension.