TABLE 3.
Risk factors associated with 30-day mortality in bloodstream infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bacilli based on univariate analysis
| Risk factor | No. of survivors (n = 191) (%) | No. of nonsurvivors (n = 95) (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inappropriate initial empirical antimicrobial therapy | 93 (48.7) | 58 (61.1) | 1.65 (1.001-2.73) | 0.049 |
| Old age (>65 yrs) | 49 (25.7) | 28 (24.2) | 0.93 (0.52-1.64) | 0.791 |
| Long hospital stay (>14 days)a | 87 (45.5) | 68 (71.6) | 3.01 (1.77-5.11) | <0.001 |
| Immunosuppressive therapy | 14 (7.3) | 16 (16.8) | 2.56 (1.19-5.50) | 0.013 |
| Corticosteroid use | 30 (15.7) | 32 (33.7) | 2.73 (1.53-4.85) | 0.001 |
| Care in ICU | 20 (10.5) | 33 (34.7) | 4.55 (2.43-8.52) | <0.001 |
| High-risk source of bacteremia | 62 (32.5) | 70 (73.7) | 5.83 (3.37-10.08) | <0.001 |
| Neutropenic state | 30 (15.7) | 26 (27.4) | 2.02 (1.11-3.67) | 0.019 |
| Postoperative state | 24 (12.6) | 16 (16.8) | 1.41 (0.71-2.00) | 0.326 |
| Polymicrobial | 23 (12) | 20 (21.1) | 1.95 (1.01-3.76) | 0.045 |
| Presentation with septic shock | 10 (5.2) | 65 (68.4) | 39.22 (18.16-84.68) | <0.001 |
| APACHE II score | ||||
| ≤7 | 66 (34.6) | 6 (6.3) | ||
| 8-15 | 109 (57.1) | 44 (46.3) | <0.001 | |
| ≥16 | 16 (8.4) | 45 (47.4) | ||
| Microorganism | ||||
| E. coli | 48 (25.1) | 13 (13.7) | 0.47 (0.24-0.92) | 0.026 |
| K. pneumoniae | 44 (23) | 21 (22.1) | 0.95 (0.53-1.71) | 0.859 |
| Enterobacter species | 57 (29.8) | 29 (30.5) | 1.03 (0.61-1.77) | 0.906 |
| P. aeruginosa | 42 (22) | 32 (33.7) | 1.80 (1.04-3.11) | 0.033 |
a
Hospital stay prior to onset of bacteremia.