Table 2.

Hypertension-related research opportunities for consideration in the next phase of the Jackson Heart Study.

Research Domain	Opportunity
Basic science	Conduct physiological studies of sodium and potassium intake to better understand the relationship of sodium and potassium excretion, and its diurnal pattern, with blood pressure
Basic science	Assess blood pressure independent effects of sodium and potassium intake on cardiac, vascular and kidney function
Basic Science	Assess interaction of sodium and potassium intake with obesity on cardiac hypertrophy/fibrosis, vascular dysfunction/fibrosis, albuminuria/kidney fibrosis
Observational	Estimate the prevalence of, and identify risk factors for, masked hypertension, nocturnal hypertension and non-dipping blood pressure.
Observational	Ascertain the agreement between phenotypes obtained through home blood pressure monitoring and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
Observational	Determine the contribution of clock genes to clinic and out-of-clinic blood pressure.
Observational	Create a vascular laboratory to determine the prognostic value of pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, central aortic pressure, systolic and diastolic function, and ankle brachial index.
Observational	Compare blood pressure obtained using an automated device with and without an observer being present.
Observational	Study the level of kidney function at which potassium intake transitions from beneficial to harmful.
Observational	Determine the association of dietary patterns and nutrients on clinic blood pressure and out-of-clinic blood pressure phenotypes.
Observational	Determine the association of sitting time on incident hypertension and blood pressure control among participants with hypertension.
Observational	Assess the association of lead, perfluroalkyl chemicals, cadmium, and arsenic on blood pressure.
Observational	Assess the percentage of uncontrolled blood pressure that can be explained by low adherence assessed using urine metabolites. Determine the major reasons underlying low adherence.
Observational	Develop a hypertension registry in Jackson, MS.
Observational or intervention	Determine the relationship of sodium and potassium intake with blood pressure, vascular function, and cardiovascular disease in African Americans.
Observational and Intervention	Ascertain the effect of West African ancestry on clinic and out-of-clinic blood pressure and whether the blood pressure lowering effect of antihypertensive medication classes differ by ancestry.
Intervention	Determine the benefits and risks associated with treating masked hypertension, nocturnal hypertension and non-dipping blood pressure.
Intervention	Determine the benefits and risks of night-time dosing of antihypertensive medication.
Intervention	Determine whether increasing standing time or moderate physical activity time reduces blood pressure.
Intervention	Determine if interventions to improve sleep hygiene can reduce clinic blood pressure and restore a normal diurnal blood pressure pattern.
Intervention	Determine if tailored interventions aimed at psychosocial health can reduce blood pressure.
Intervention	Assess the association of momentary stressors on blood pressure and whether just-in-time interventions to reduce the effects of stress exposure can lower blood pressure..
Intervention	Determine if tailored interventions aimed at intentional and unintentional reasons for not taking antihypertensive medication as prescribed can improve adherence and blood pressure control.
Intervention	Compare the effect of chlorthalidone versus hydrochlorothiazide on blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes.
Intervention	Determine the association of APOL1 risk variants and blood pressure.
Intervention	Test the feasibility of implementing a systems-based hypertension control program.
Intervention	Test the effect of a telephone-delivered hypertension management program on blood pressure control.
Intervention	Use smartphone technology to deliver healthcare education and lifestyle interventions and monitor effects on blood pressure control among participants with hypertension.
Intervention	Does moderate reduction in sodium intake or moderate increase in potassium reduce left ventricular hypertrophy, albuminuria, and vascular dysfunction in obese adults with hypertension.