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. 2017 Jun 15;7:3594. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-03932-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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DENV infection activates cGAS through the release of mtDNA into the cytosol. (A) cGAMP activity measured in A549 lysates incubated with 1 μg/ml DENV-derived RNA or 1 μg/ml poly(dA:dT). (B) Cellular localization of mitochondria (red) in A549 cells infected with DENV2-PDK53 at MOI 1 for 72 hrs. (C) Fold induction of levels of mitochondria-specific DNA sequences mtCOI, mtND4, and mtCytB present in the cytosol of A549 cells infected with DENV2-PDK53 at MOI 1 and MOI 5 or treated with 4 μg/ml tunicamycin. (D) Percentage of Annexin V positive cells in A549 cells infected with DENV2-PDK53 at MOI 0.1 or MOI 1 for 48 hrs, assessed by flow cytometry. In this figure, *depicts P < 0.05; **depicts P < 0.01 and ***depicts P < 0.001.

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