Table 5.
Univariate analysis of risk factors for liver injury events and patterns among 251 inflammatory bowel disease patients
|
Risk factors for selected liver injury events and patterns |
||||||||
|
Persisting ALT increase |
ALT > 2 × ULN |
Persisting AST increase |
Cholestasis |
|||||
| OR; 95%CI | P value | OR; 95%CI | P value | OR; 95%CI | P value | OR; 95%CI | P value | |
| Age1 | 1.01; 0.98-1.04 | 0.628 | 1.02; 0.98-1.05 | 0.317 | 1.03; 0.99-1.08 | 0.185 | 1.02; 0.98-1.06 | 0.300 |
| Female gender | 0.22; 0.87-0.57 | 0.002 | 0.55; 0.19-1.55 | 0.260 | 0.75; 0.20-2.86 | 0.672 | 2.62; 0.68-10.13 | 0.160 |
| Body mass index1 | 1.13; 1.04-1.23 | 0.004 | 1.13; 1.03-1.23 | 0.011 | 1.18; 1.06-1.32 | 0.003 | 0.95; 0.82-1.08 | 0.413 |
| Crohn's disease | 2.03; 0.83-4.97 | 0.122 | 2.89; 0.80-10.41 | 0.105 | 1.27; 0.31-5.20 | 0.739 | 2.95; 0.62-13.94 | 0.173 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 0.49; 0.20-1.21 | 0.122 | 0.35; 0.10-1.25 | 0.105 | 0.79; 0.19-3.22 | 0.739 | 0.34; 0.07-1.60 | 0.173 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease duration (yr)1 | 1.04; 0.98-1.09 | 0.180 | 1.08; 1.02-1.15 | 0.007 | 1.10; 1.03-1.18 | 0.006 | 1.04; 0.97-1.11 | 0.295 |
| Prior intestinal resection | 0.95; 0.40-2.28 | 0.915 | 1.10; 0.37-3.27 | 0.869 | 0.68; 0.14-3.33 | 0.631 | 7.06; 1.81-27.41 | 0.005 |
| Short IBDQ questionaire score1 | 1.00; 0.97-1.04 | 0.935 | 0.99; 0.95-1.04 | 0.703 | 0.99; 0.94-1.06 | 0.925 | 0.98; 0.93-1.04 | 0.545 |
| Fecal calprotectin on study entry (mg/g)1 | 0.999; 0.99-1.00 | 0.909 | 1.00; 0.99-1.00 | 0.895 | 0.99; 0.99-1.00 | 0.424 | 1.00; 0.99-1.00 | 0.346 |
| C-reactive protein on study entry (mg/L)1 | 0.98; 0.94-1.03 | 0.520 | 0.98; 0.93-1.04 | 0.590 | 1.00; 0.95-1.06 | 0.907 | 1.04; 1.01-1.07 | 0.024 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease therapy on entry | ||||||||
| Mesalamine | 0.64; 0.29-1.45 | 0.288 | 0.54; 0.19-1.51 | 0.241 | 0.34; 0.09-1.29 | 0.112 | 0.76; 0.22-2.67 | 0.667 |
| No immunosupression | 0.58; 0.21-1.59 | 0.287 | 0.38; 0.08-1.73 | 0.211 | 0.34; 0.41-2.77 | 0.314 | 0.61; 0.13-2.9 | 0.535 |
| Steroids | 0.16; 0.02-1.22 | 0.078 | 0.69; 0.15-3.13 | 0.627 | 0.60; 0.07-4.96 | 0.640 | 1.90; 0.48-7.50 | 0.357 |
| Azathioprine solo | 0.49; 0.14-1.69 | 0.258 | 1.00; 0.27-3.67 | 0.998 | 0.53; 0.07-4.36 | 0.557 | 3.93; 1.15-13.47 | 0.030 |
| Anti-TNF therapy solo | 2.72; 1.22-6.03 | 0.014 | 2.56; 0.923-7.10 | 0.071 | 5.11; 1.24-21.05 | 0.024 | 0.89; 0.23-3.46 | 0.870 |
| Infliximab solo | 2.80; 1.18-6.80 | 0.020 | 3.43; 1.17-10.03 | 0.030 | 4.43; 1.14-17.28 | 0.032 | 1.15; 0.24-5.50 | 0.866 |
| Adalimumab solo | 1.51; 0.53-4.31 | 0.437 | 0.94; 0.20-4.33 | 0.937 | 1.94; 0.39-9.79 | 0.420 | 0.65; 0.08-5.25 | 0.686 |
| Combination therapy (anti-TNF and azathioprine) | 0.776; 0.3-2.01 | 0.601 | 0.66; 0.18-2.39 | 0.525 | 0.36; 0.04-2.90 | 0.330 | 0.28; 0.04-2.24 | 0.231 |
| Liver steatosis on ultrasound (n = 155) | 7.77; 3.03-19.9 | < 0.0001 | 7.14; 2.15-23.59 | 0.001 | 6.78; 1.53-30.03 | 0.012 | 1.45; 0.27-7.83 | 0.666 |
1
Modeled as continuous variables. ULN: Upper limit of normal; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspratate aminotransferase.