Table 2.
Prevalence of cancer in 425 participants
| a Primary analyses | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| PD | ET | Dystonia | Control | p value | |
| n | 108 | 139 | 54 | 124 | |
| Number of participants with any cancer | 51 (47.2) | 51 (36.7) | 21 (38.9) | 43 (34.7) | 0.23a |
| Number of cancer diagnoses1 | 57 (52.8) | 64 (46.0) | 23 (42.6) | 47 (37.9) | 0.15a |
| Number of participants with melanoma | 15 (13.9) | 8 (5.8) | 4 (7.4) | 2 (1.6) | 0.003a |
| p value | <0.001 | 0.08 | 0.06 | ||
| Number of participants with integumentary cancers2 | 36 (33.3) | 27 (19.4) | 14 (25.9) | 15 (12.1) | 0.001a |
| p value | <0.001 | 0.10 | 0.04 | ||
| Number of integumentary cancer diagnoses1, 2 | 42 (38.9) | 34 (24.5) | 14 (25.9) | 18 (14.5) | <0.001a |
| p value | <0.001 | 0.04 | 0.11 | ||
| b Secondary analyses | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| PD | ET | Dystonia | Control | p value | |
| n | 108 | 139 | 54 | 124 | |
| Integumentary cancer | |||||
| Basal cell | 16 (34.0) | 15 (31.9) | 9 (19.1) | 7 (14.9) | 0.07a |
| Squamous | 7 (13.5) | 8 (13.3) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (7.7) | 0.21a |
| Unknown | 4 (3.7) | 3 (2.2) | 1 (1.9) | 5 (4.0) | 0.76a |
| Cancers of ectodermal origin | |||||
| Number of participants with ectodermal cancers2, 3 | 31 (28.7)* | 23 (16.5) | 13 (24.1) | 9 (7.3) | <0.001a |
| Number of ectodermal cancer diagnoses1–3 | 32 (29.6)* | 24 (17.3) | 13 (24.1) | 9 (7.3) | <0.001a |
| Brain | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.68a |
| Cancers of mesodermal and mixed origin | |||||
| Number of participants with mesodermal and mixed cancers | 16 (12.9) | 20 (14.4) | 5 (9.3) | 16 (12.9) | 0.77a |
| Number of mesodermal and mixed origin cancer diagnoses1 | 16 (14.8) | 21 (15.1) | 5 (9.3) | 17 (13.7) | 0.75a |
| Squamous | 7 (13.5) | 8 (13.3) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (7.7) | 0.21a |
| Breast | 7 (6.5) | 10 (7.2) | 4 (7.4) | 10 (8.1) | 0.98a |
| Lymphoma | 2 (1.9) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.39a |
| Myeloma | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.56a |
| Leukemia | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.9) | 1 (0.8) | 0.30a |
| Oral cavity/pharynx | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.6) | 0.18a |
| Cancers of endodermal origin | |||||
| Number of participants with endodermal cancers | 9 (8.3) | 16 (11.5) | 4 (7.4) | 16 (12.9) | 0.58a |
| Number of endodermal cancer diagnoses1 | 10 (9.3) | 18 (12.9) | 4 (7.4) | 16 (12.9) | 0.58a |
| Uterine | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.6) | 0.46a |
| Ovarian | 2 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.18a |
| Prostate | 5 (4.6) | 9 (6.5) | 2 (3.7) | 8 (6.5) | 0.82a |
| Urinary/bladder | 1 (0.9) | 3 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 0.57a |
| Kidney | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.6) | 0.47a |
| Thyroid | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 0.82a |
| Gastric | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NA |
| Colon | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.6) | 0.76a |
| Liver | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NA |
| Pancreas | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.08a |
| Cancers of endodermal, mesodermal, or mixed origin | |||||
| Number of participants with endodermal, mesodermal, or mixed cancers | 24 (22.2) | 34 (24.5) | 8 (14.8) | 30 (24.2) | 0.51a |
| Number of endodermal, mesodermal, or mixed cancer diagnoses1 | 26 (24.1) | 39 (28.1) | 9 (16.7) | 33 (26.6) | 0.41a |
| Unspecified cancers | |||||
| Number of participants with unspecified cancers | 1 (0.9) | 3 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.4) | 0.59a |
| Number of unspecified cancer diagnoses1 | 1 (0.9) | 3 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.4) | 0.59a |
Values are number (percentage).
a
Chi-square test comparing all 4 groups.
1
Some participants had more than one cancer diagnosis.
2
Including number of cancer diagnoses of melanoma.
The p value in some cells represents the comparison with normal controls (chi-square test or Fisher test).
Values are number (percentage).
a
Chi-square test comparing all 4 groups.
1
Some participants had more than one cancer diagnosis.
2
Including number of cancer diagnoses of melanoma.
3
Including number of cancer diagnoses of basal cell carcinoma.
*
Significantly different from controls (p < 0.0017, chi-square test).