Table 8. Proposed mechanisms of neurotoxicity.

Drug	Proposed mechanisms of neurotoxicity
Chloroquine	•  Sensitize cell-killing effects 90 •  Cerebrocortical stimulant that increases EEG frequencies 91 •  Prostaglandin E antagonism 92 •  Acetylcholinesterase inhibition 93 •  Depression of cortical activity 94 •  Inhibition of membrane calcium channels 95 •  Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency 92 •  Alteration of dopamine levels 93 •  Induction of cholinergic imbalance 94
Mefloquine	•  Disruption of gap junction communication and GABAergic interneuron dysfunction 82 •  Inhibition of cellular transport 87 •  Disrupts direct intercellular electrical communication 96 •  Acetylcholinesterase inhibition 42 •  Primary hepatocellular injury 97 •  Depression of cortical activity 94
Minocycline	•  Disrupts microglia distribution in the developing somatosensory cortex 98 •  Modifies electrophysiological properties of layer 5 microglia 98
Quinine	•  Inhibits cytochrome P450-3A4 99