Table 2.
Estimated Pi*S and Pi*Z gene frequencies, Pi*SZ gene prevalence, and Pi*SZ number in 21 American and Caribbean countries
| Geographic region (number of countries) | Country (total population) | Cohort number (size) | Pi*S frequency × 1,000 (95% CI) | Pi*Z frequency × 1,000 (95% CI) | Pi*SZ prevalence [1:x, Hardy–Weinberg] (95% CI) | Pi*SZ number (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North America (3) | Canada (35,362,905) | 5 (4,807) | 39 (35–43) | 14 (12–16) | 1:907 (692–1,190) | 38,997 (29,728–51,077) |
| USA *(259,196,422) | 15 (17,032) | 31 (30–33) | 15 (14–17) | 1:1,018 (881–1,177) | 254,641 (220,310–294,223) | |
| Mexico (123,166,749) | 2 (3,279) | 36 (31–40) | 6 (4–8) | 1:2,484 (1,571–3,951) | 49,590 (31,172–78,423) | |
| Subtotal | 417,726,076 | 22 (25,118) | 35 (32–39) | 12 (10–14) | 1:1,469 (1,048–2,106) | 343,229 (281,210–423,723) |
| Central America and Caribbean (8) | Costa Rica (4,872,543) | 1 (3,000) | 45 (40–51) | 8 (6–10) | 1:1,439 (952–2,185) | 3,387 (2,230–5,120) |
| Cuba (11,179,995) | 1 (3,000) | 41 (37–47) | 7 (5–9) | 1:1,721 (1,116–2,668) | 6,496 (4,191–10,015) | |
| Dominican Republic (10,606,865) | 1 (3,000) | 37 (32–42) | 6 (4–9) | 1:2,134 (1,351–3,390) | 4,971 (3,129–7,851) | |
| El Salvador (6,156,670) | 1 (3,000) | 40 (35–45) | 7 (5–9) | 1:1,891 (1,213–2,964) | 3,256 (2,077–5,075) | |
| Guatemala (15,189,958) | 1 (3,000) | 33 (29–38) | 6 (4–8) | 1:2,664 (1,647–4,369) | 5,681 (3,477–9,221) | |
| Honduras (8,893,259) | 1 (3,000) | 37 (32–42) | 6 (4–9) | 1:2,134 (1,351–3,390) | 4,168 (2,623–6,583) | |
| Nicaragua (5,966,798) | 1 (3,000) | 37 (33–42) | 6 (4–9) | 1:2,124 (1,345–3,374) | 2,809 (1,769–4,435) | |
| Panama (3,705,246) | 1 (3,000) | 35 (30–40) | 6 (4–8) | 1:2,404 (1,501–3,873) | 1,541 (957–2,468) | |
| Subtotal | 66,571,334 | 8 (24,000) | 38 (34–43) | 7 (5–9) | 1:2,065 (1,310–3,277) | 32,309 (20,453–48,950) |
| South America (10) | Argentina (43,886,748) | 1 (3,000) | 33 (29–38) | 6 (4–8) | 1:2,420 (1,515–3,891) | 18,133 (11,280–28,970) |
| Bolivia (10,969,649) | 1 (3,000) | 33 (29–38) | 6 (4–8) | 1:2,629 (1,624–4,285) | 3,517 (2,158–5,693) | |
| Brazil (205,823,665) | 1 (3,000) | 48 (43–54) | 6 (4–8) | 1:1,819 (1,150–2,897) | 105,486 (66,238–166,887) | |
| Chile (17,650,114) | 1 (3,000) | 37 (32–42) | 6 (4–9) | 1:2,143 (1,357–3,406) | 8,235 (5,182–13,010) | |
| Colombia (47,220,856) | 1 (3,000) | 38 (33–43) | 6 (5–9) | 1:2,024 (1,290–3,196) | 23,327 (14,776–36,617) | |
| Ecuador (16,080,778) | 1 (3,000) | 35 (31–40) | 6 (4–8) | 1:2,370 (1,481–3,815) | 6,786 (4,216–10,855) | |
| Paraguay (6,862,812) | 1 (3,000) | 39 (34–44) | 7 (5–9) | 1:1,915 (1,227–3,004) | 3,584 (2,285–5,591) | |
| Peru (30,741,062) | 1 (3,000) | 33 (29–38) | 6 (4–8) | 1:2,571 (1,594–4,176) | 11,955 (7,361–19,291) | |
| Uruguay (3,351,016) | 1 (3,000) | 33 (28–38) | 6 (4–8) | 1:2,538 (1,579–4,106) | 1,320 (816–2,122) | |
| Venezuela (30,912,302) | 1 (3,000) | 52 (46–58) | 8 (6–10) | 1:1,231 (824–1,849) | 25,103 (16,728–37,519) | |
| Subtotal | 413,499,002 | 10 (30,000) | 39 (33–43) | 6 (4–9) | 1:2,166 (1,364–3,462) | 207,446 (131,038–326,555) |
| Total | 897,796,412 | 40 (79,118) | 37 (33–42) | 8 (6–11) | 1:1,900 (1,241–2,948) | 582,984 (432,701–799,228) |
Note:
*
The numbers reported for the USA refer only to the non-Hispanic white population, due to the lack of reliable studies in other ethnic groups.