Figure 8. Regulation of β-lactamase by WhiB4 in a redox-dependent manner.
Oxidized (WhiB4-SS) and reduced (WhiB4-SH) forms of apo-WhiB4 were prepared. The concentrations of apo-WhiB4 used for EMSAs were 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 μM. EMSA reactions were performed with 0.5 nM 32P-labelled blaC (A), blaR (B) and whiB4 (C) promoter DNA fragments. C: DNA binding in the absence of WhiB4 in each panel. (D) Effect of WhiB4 on in vitro transcription. Single-round transcription assays show that RNAP-σA efficiently directs transcription from the blaC promoter. 100 nM of blaC promoter DNA fragment was pre-incubated with either 1 μM WhiB4-SS or WhiB4-SH and subjected to transcription by RNAP-σA as described in Materials and methods. C: blaC transcript in the absence of WhiB4. (E) 100 μg of cell-free lysates derived from exponentially grown (OD600 of 0.6) wt Mtb, MtbΔwhiB4 and whiB4-OE were used to hydrolyze nitrocefin. β-lactamase activity was measured by monitoring absorbance of hydrolyzed nitrocefin at 486 nm as described in Materials and methods. The fold change ratios clearly indicate a significantly higher or lower β-lactamase activity in MtbΔwhiB4 or whiB4-OE, respectively, as compared to wt Mtb. p-Values are shown for each comparison. (F) whiB4-OE strain was pre-treated with 5 mM of DTT or Diamide and β-lactamase activity in cell-free lysates was compared to MtbΔwhiB4 over time. *p≤0.05, **p≤0.01 and ***p≤0.001. Data are representative of at least two independent experiments done in duplicate.