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. 2017 Jun 16;7:3713. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-03450-0

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Schematic diagrams depicting (A) the main components of a monochorionic diamniotic twin gestation. The magnified views in (B) represent the maternal placental circulation (left) and the fetal placental circulation (right) with an inset cartoon (C) representing oxygen transport from mother to the fetuses. Oxygen exchange between maternal hemoglobin and fetal hemoglobin by free diffusion across the interhemal membrane, and is modulated by the oxygen gradient, membrane permeability, and blood flow in both circulations.