Table 1.
Tumor molecular and pathological features in colorectal carcinomas
| Biomarker | Status measured | % or mean (SD) of the status in proximal colon (n = 690)a | % or mean (SD) of the status in distal colorectum (n = 690)a |
% availability in proximal colon (n = 690) | % availability in distal colorectum (n = 690) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Somatic oncogenic mutations | |||||
| BRAF | Mutation | 25.1% | 5.6% | 86.1% | 87.4% |
| KRAS | Mutation | 43.0% | 36.6% | 86.2% | 87.5% |
| PIK3CA | Mutation | 18.4% | 14.5% | 79.7% | 80.9% |
| Methylation status | |||||
| MLH1 | Methylation | 25.3% | 3.9% | 83.5% | 82.5% |
| CDKN2A | Methylation | 44.3% | 21.8% | 83.5% | 82.5% |
| CACNA1G | Methylation | 40.3% | 9.9% | 83.5% | 82.3% |
| CRABP1 | Methylation | 52.8% | 20.9% | 83.5% | 82.5% |
| IGF2 | Methylation | 44.3% | 12.1% | 83.5% | 82.5% |
| NEUROG1 | Methylation | 53.1% | 21.0% | 83.5% | 82.3% |
| RUNX3 | Methylation | 40.1% | 8.8% | 83.5% | 82.5% |
| SOCS1 | Methylation | 30.4% | 7.9% | 83.3% | 82.5% |
| LINE-1 | Degree of methylation (%) | 64.7 (SD, 9.7) | 62.6 (SD, 9.9) | 85.1% | 84.5% |
| IGF2 DMR0 | Methylation | 22.0% | 29.6% | 65.1% | 65.2% |
| Microsatellite instability (MSI) | |||||
| MSI | MSI-high | 28.2% | 4.9% | 85.9% | 85.7% |
| Protein expression | |||||
| CDH1 | Loss | 52.6% | 50.9% | 44.9% | 42.5% |
| CDKN1A | Loss | 72.3% | 89.2% | 52.8% | 55.2% |
| CDKN1B | Loss | 47.9% | 34.8% | 51.7% | 53.8% |
| CDKN2A | Loss | 35.3% | 17.9% | 46.8% | 47.8% |
| CDX2 | Loss | 36.6% | 17.2% | 43.2% | 39.7% |
| MGMT | Loss | 34.7% | 38.9% | 42.6% | 43.9% |
| AURKA | Overexpression | 22.2% | 14.3% | 32.6% | 28.4% |
| CCND1 | Overexpression | 82.6% | 73.5% | 64.9% | 65.5% |
| CD274 | Overexpression | 85.6% | 83.7% | 43.2% | 40.0% |
| CDK8 | Overexpression | 72.6% | 69.4% | 30.7% | 26.5% |
| CTNNB1 (nuclear) | Overexpression | 32.7% | 58.2% | 75.8% | 74.2% |
| CTSB | Overexpression | 82.7% | 82.9% | 45.2% | 42.3% |
| DNMT3B | Overexpression | 19.7% | 10.3% | 45.5% | 49.3% |
| EPAS1 | Overexpression | 47.0% | 44.5% | 46.2% | 42.0% |
| FASN | Overexpression | 61.1% | 60.0% | 64.8% | 65.9% |
| HGF | Overexpression | 45.8% | 47.9% | 39.6% | 37.2% |
| HIF1A | Overexpression | 17.0% | 20.1% | 47.7% | 42.6% |
| IGF2BP3 | Overexpression | 36.8% | 32.7% | 43.8% | 41.2% |
| IRS1 | Overexpression | 29.5% | 30.6% | 44.6% | 41.7% |
| IRS2 | Overexpression | 31.6% | 33.2% | 44.9% | 41.9% |
| PPARG | Overexpression | 24.1% | 19.2% | 33.6% | 29.4% |
| PTGER2 | Overexpression | 27.8% | 26.3% | 45.8% | 41.3% |
| PTGS2 | Overexpression | 53.5% | 69.7% | 81.7% | 79.9% |
| SIRT1 | Overexpression | 38.6% | 37.9% | 39.4% | 35.9% |
| STAT3 | Overexpression | 54.7% | 54.0% | 46.4% | 43.2% |
| TP53 | Overexpression | 33.0% | 53.2% | 66.7% | 67.2% |
| VDR | Overexpression | 37.0% | 38.2% | 47.4% | 42.5% |
| YAP1 (cytoplasmic) | Overexpression | 21.3% | 17.7% | 44.2% | 41.0% |
| JC Virus T-Antigen (JCVT) | Overexpression | 28.4% | 40.7% | 43.9% | 47.7% |
| Immune reactions | |||||
| Peritumoral lymphocytic reaction | Greater reaction | 19.4% | 12.9% | 95.8% | 91.2% |
| Intratumoral periglandular reaction | Greater reaction | 17.2% | 9.0% | 95.9% | 91.6% |
| Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) | Greater reaction | 16.3% | 4.4% | 95.9% | 91.6% |
| Crohn’s-like reaction | Greater reaction | 9.9% | 5.0% | 80.4% | 73.2% |
| CD3+ in cancer area | Density (cells/mm2) | 716.6 (SD, 1501.8) | 696.5 (SD, 1560.7) | 47.1% | 42.9% |
| CD8+ in cancer area | Density (cells/mm2) | 814.7 (SD, 1741.0) | 700.9 (SD, 1582.1) | 46.7% | 41.7% |
| CD45RO+ in cancer area | Density (cells/mm2) | 711.4 (SD, 1113.4) | 634.4 (SD, 1244.7) | 48.1% | 43.6% |
| FOXP3+ in cancer area | Density (cells/mm2) | 40.0 (SD, 47.0) | 35.2 (SD, 37.9) | 45.2% | 41.9% |
| miRNA expression | |||||
| MIR21 | Normalized expression level | 8.3 (SD, 13.0) | 5.6 (SD, 4.0) | 53.2% | 48.6% |
| MIR155 | Normalized expression level | 0.01 (SD, 0.01) | 0.005 (SD, 0.006) | 53.2% | 48.6% |
| Microorganism | |||||
| Fusobacterium nucleatum | Presence | 16.0% | 9.1% | 71.7% | 67.1% |
aPercentage (%) indicates the proportion of the status measure for a binary biomarker, and the mean (SD) was calculated for a continuous biomarker
SD standard deviation