Table 1.

Summary statistics for the seven panamà processing techniques observed in this study. Mean and median duration presented in seconds.

technique	description	mean	median	% open	n
back attack	peel fibres off back from fruit with seam facing away from mouth, bite to pop open at seam	169.0	119	51.1	176
bite and pop	bite opposite corners of each fruit forcefully, bite to pop open at seam	49.7	29	37.8	283
canine seam	hold fruit perpendicular to mouth, insert upper and lower canines into seam to split open	70.5	42	88.5	511
chew hole	chew hole or rip fibres off fruit at corner, back, or side, seam not chewed	330.5	211.5	65.5	247
pound	pound fruit on hard substrate	n.a.	n.a.	0	15
scrub	scrub fruit on hard substrate	n.a.	n.a.	0	5
seam Strip	hold fruit parallel to mouth, strip fibres off along the seam, bite to pop open at seam	130.6	211.5	65.0	200
all techniques		131.5	95.0	65.6	1437