Table 1.

Patient Characteristics

	BILEVEL- PAP N=9,156	CPAP N=39,385	NIPPV N=315	p- value*	No PAP treatment N=464,684	p-value†
	N (%)
Age Category‡				<0.001		<0.001
40–49	688 (7.5%)	4,805 (12.2%)	15 (4.8%)		57,053 (12.3%)
50–59	2,248 (24.6%)	11,719 (29.8%)	57 (18.1%)		117,272 (25.2%)
60–69	3,150 (34.4%)	12,665 (32.2%)	95 (30.2%)		120,994 (26.0%)
70–79	2,161 (23.6%)	7,515 (19.1%)	102 (32.4%)		90,270 (19.4%)
80+	909 (9.9%)	2,681 (6.8%)	46 (14.6%)		79,095 (17.0%)
Sex				<0.001		<0.001
Males	5,880 (64.2%)	21,617 (54.9%)	161 (51.1%)		204,828 (44.1%)
Females	3,276 (35.8%)	17,768 (45.1%)	154 (48.9%)		259,856 (55.9%)
Health Plan   Type				<0.001		<0.001
Comprehensive	2,741 (29.9%)	9,147 (23.2%)	118 (37.5%)		134,647 (29.0%)
EPO§	50 (0.6%)	244 (0.6%)	0 (0.0%)		3,487 (0.8%)
POS‖	556 (6.1%)	2,959 (7.5%)	21 (6.7%)		27,332 (5.9%)
CDHP**	181 (2.0%)	1,063 (2.7%)	9 (2.9%)		10,505 (2.3%)
HDHP††	76 (0.8%)	475 (1.2%)	2 (0.6%)		5,138 (1.1%)
PPO‡‡	5,552 (60.6%)	25,497 (64.7%)	165 (52.4%)		283,575 (61.0%)
Region				<0.001		<0.001
Northeast§§	1,448 (15.8%)	5,667 (14.4%)	32 (10.2%)		87,022 (18.7%)
Midwest‖‖	3,399 (37.1%)	13,135 (33.4%)	55 (17.5%)		153,314 (33.0%)
South***	3,163 (34.6%)	15,187 (38.6%)	186 (59.1%)		162,447 (35.0%)
West†††	1,073 (11.7%)	5,002 (12.7%)	40 (12.7%)		57,915 (12.5%)
Missing	73 (0.8%)	394 (1.0%)	2 (0.6%)		3,986 (0.9%)

^*p-value from χ² test for difference across treatments

^†p-value from χ² test for difference between treated vs. non-treated groups

^‡Age on first claim for device;

^§EPO- Exclusive Provider Organization;

^‖POS- Non-Capitated Point-of-Service;

^**CDHP- Consumer Driven Health Plan;

^††HDHP- High Deductible Health Plan;

^‡‡PPO;

^§§Mid Atlantic, New England;

^‖‖East North Central, West North Central;

^***East South Central, South Atlantic, West South Central;

^†††Mountain, Pacific.