Table 3.

Landmarks displacement (in millimeters) in the right and left side of the face at T1 and T2.

Movements	Landmarks	Side	Mean and Std Dev	Mean and Std Dev	Δµ	p value
			T1	T2
Frowning	sci	Right	10.90 ± 4.17	8.82 ± 4.89	2.08	p < 0.50
	sci	Left	11.25 ± 3.82	9.06 ± 4.39	2.19	p < 0.50
Knitting brows	sci	Right	3.98 ± 1.21	5.57 ± 1.68	−1.59	p < 0.015∗
	sci	Left	3.95 ± 1.04	5.51 ± 1.66	−1.56	p < 0.015∗
Grimace	ac	Right	6.99 ± 3.30	6.59 ± 3.29	0.39	p < 0.50
	ac	Left	7.30 ± 3.29	6.39 ± 3.39	0.91	p < 0.50
Smiling	ch	Right	11.89 ± 3.93	16.36 ± 6.00	−4.47	p < 0.003∗
	ch	Left	11.03 ± 4.21	15.32 ± 6.55	−4.30	p < 0.003∗
Lip purse	ch	Right	12.88 ± 1.97	12.77 ± 2.09	0.11	p < 0.40
	ch	Left	12.18 ± 1.62	13.52 ± 3.33	−1.34	p < 0.15

Mean and Std Dev (standard deviation) are calculated at T1 and T2. Medium distance (Δµ) between homologous points is considered between T1 and T2 in absolute term. p value is calculated according to Student's t-distribution and it considers the t critical value in one-tail case. Statistically significant differences were considered for p < 0.05 (^∗bold). The landmarks used were superciliare (sci) for frowning and knitting brows, alar curvature point (ac) for grimace, and cheilion (ch) for smile and lip purse.