Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review and meta‐analysis in plasma and serum
| Reference | Location | Diagnosis | Sample | Units | Cases | Controls | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Mean | SD | n | Mean | SD | |||||
| Lee et al. (2007) | Korea | MDD | Plasma | pg/ml | 28 | 386.61 | 362.39 | 95 | 819.20 | 347.05 |
| Kim et al. (2007) | Korea | MDD | Plasma | pg/ml | 32 | 430.5 | 397.00 | 30 | 889.40 | 611.30 |
| Lee and Kim (2009) | Korea | MDD | Plasma | pg/ml | 20 | 713.04 | 236.56 | 20 | 709.05 | 172.12 |
| Huang and Lee (2006) | Taiwan | SCZ | Serum | ng/ml | 11 | 14.60 | 7.02 | 96 | 14.17 | 6.86 |
| Deveci et al. (2007) | Turkey | AD | Serum | ng/ml | 10 | 21.20 | 12.24 | 26 | 31.4 | 8.80 |
| Liang et al. (2012) | China | MDD | Serum | ng/ml | 31 | 57.30 | 9.20 | 30 | 113.8 | 44.4 |
| Park et al. (2014) | Korea | MDD | Serum | ng/ml | 18 | 21.93 | 24.71 | 33 | 24.71 | 7.7 |
| Pinheiro et al. (2012) | Brazil | PPAD | Serum | ng/ml | 12 | 2.11 | 1.42 | 178 | 2.37 | 1.26 |
| Eisen et al. (2016) | Canada | MAD | Serum | ng/ml | 84 | 24.21 | 7.19 | 93 | 24.77 | 7.01 |
MDD, major depression disorder; SZC, schizophrenia; AD, adjustment disorder; PPAD, postpartum affective disorder; MAD, mood and anxiety disorder.