Table 2. Univariate logistic analyses of disease-related factors, demographics, social psychology, and family burden (n = 303).
| Variable | Family burden | OR(95% CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative (n = 145)a | Positive (n = 158)a | |||
| Patient-related factors | ||||
| Family history | ||||
| No | 121(83.45) | 123(77.85) | ref | |
| Yes | 24(16.55) | 35(22.15) | 1.43(0.81, 2.55) | 0.219 |
| Number of admissions | ||||
| <3 | 82(58.16) | 62(39.74) | ref | |
| ≧3 | 59(41.84) | 94(60.26) | 2.11(1.33, 3.35) | 0.002 |
| Insurance | ||||
| No | 130(89.66) | 145(91.77) | ref | |
| Yes | 15(10.34) | 13(8.23) | 0.78(0.36, 1.69) | 0.525 |
| Illness duration | 19.49±0.95 | 18.23±0.95 | 0.99(0.91, 1.01) | 0.3527 |
| Medication adherence b | 24.62±0.90 | 24.98±0.86 | 1.00(0.98, 1.02) | 0.7714 |
| GAF score | 49.55±1.97 | 34.41±1.81 | 0.97(0.96, 0.98) | 0.0000 |
| (patient function) | ||||
| Demographic factors | ||||
| Location | ||||
| Yutan | 24(16.55) | 30(18.99) | ref | |
| Chengjiao | 23(15.86) | 29(18.35) | 1.01(0.47, 2.17) | 0.982 |
| Liushahe | 75(51.72) | 75(47.47) | 0.80(0.43, 1.49) | 0.484 |
| Shuangfupu | 23(15.86) | 24(15.19) | 0.83(0.38, 1.83) | 0.652 |
| Patient age | 50.34±1.06 | 43.5±1.06 | 0.96(0.94, 0.98) | 0.0000 |
| Caregiver age | 57.63±1.15 | 57.66±0.89 | 1.00(0.98, 1.02) | 0.984 |
| Patient gender | ||||
| Male | 68(46.90) | 84(53.16) | ref | |
| Female | 77(53.10) | 74(46.84) | 0.78(0.50, 1.22) | 0.276 |
| Caregiver gender | ||||
| Male | 74(51.03) | 62(39.24) | ref | |
| Female | 71(48.97) | 96(60.76) | 1.61(1.02, 2.55) | 0.039 |
| Patient marriage | ||||
| Married | 83(57.24) | 71(44.94) | ref | |
| Unmarried c | 62(42.76) | 87(55.06) | 1.64(1.04, 2.58) | 0.032 |
| Caregiver marriage | ||||
| Married | 121(83.45) | 132(83.54) | ref | |
| Unmarried c | 24(16.55) | 26(16.46) | 0.99(0.54, 1.82) | 0.982 |
| Patient occupation | ||||
| Employed | 23(15.86) | 18(11.39) | ref | |
| Unemployed | 122(84.14) | 140(88.61) | 1.47(0.76, 2.85) | 0.256 |
| Caregiver occupation | ||||
| Employed | 78(53.79) | 81(51.27) | ref | |
| Unemployed | 67(46.21) | 77(48.73) | 1.11(0.70, 1.74) | 0.660 |
| Patient education | ||||
| Primary | 76(52.41) | 64(40.51) | ref | |
| Middle | 45(31.03) | 65(41.14) | 1.72(1.04, 2.84) | 0.036 |
| High | 24(16.55) | 29(18.35) | 1.43(0.76, 2.71) | 0.265 |
| Caregiver education | ||||
| Primary | 84(57.93) | 96(60.76) | ||
| Middle | 34(23.45) | 47(29.75) | 1.21(0.71, 2.05) | 0.481 |
| High | 27(18.62) | 15(9.49) | 0.49(0.24, 0.97) | 0.042 |
| Monthly household income (RMB/month) | ||||
| <1,000 | 57(39.58) | 77(49.68) | ref | |
| ≧1,000 | 87(60.42) | 78(50.32) | 0.66(0.42, 1.05) | 0.079 |
| Co-caregivers d | ||||
| No | 74(51.03) | 71(44.94) | ref | |
| Yes | 71(48.97) | 87(55.06) | 1.28(0.81, 2.01) | 0.288 |
| Additional dependents | ||||
| No | 77(53.10) | 56(35.44) | ||
| Yes | 68(46.90) | 102(64.56) | 2.06(1.30, 3.27) | 0.002 |
| Physical illness | ||||
| No | 56(38.62) | 40(25.32) | ref | |
| Yes | 89(61.38) | 118(74.68) | 1.86(1.14, 3.03) | 0.013 |
| Kinship with the patient | ||||
| Spouse | 55(39.01) | 46(29.49) | ref | |
| Parents | 54(38.30) | 87(55.77) | 1.93(1.15, 3.23) | 0.013 |
| Siblings | 13(9.22) | 12(7.69) | 1.10(0.46, 2.65) | 0.825 |
| Children | 19(13.48) | 11(7.05) | 0.69(0.30, 1.60) | 0.390 |
| Length of caring | 17.54±0.98 | 16.62±0.79 | 0.99(0.97, 1.01) | 0.459 |
| Social psychology | ||||
| Family function | 6.97±0.24 | 5.66±0.28 | 0.88(0.82, 0.95) | 0.001 |
| (APGAR score) | ||||
| Care network size | 3.64±0.13 | 3.79±0.11 | 1.07(0.92, 1.25) | 0.3847 |
| Care network function (CNS score) | 15.51±0.70 | 19.41±0.71 | 1.05(1.02, 1.08) | 0.0001 |
a means n (%) if not otherwise indicated.
b Medication adherence was assessed by one simple question of “during the past one month, how many days have the patient taken medicines as suggested?”
c Unmarried includes single, divorced or widowed
d Co-caregiver refers to a person who was also involved in the caregiving activities besides the primary family caregivers.