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. 2017 Jun 8;9:331–338. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S129728

Table 4.

Total effect of fibromyalgia treatment (pregabalin vs placebo) on restorative sleep improvement (measured using the Sleep Quality Daily Diary score), and indirect effect via pain scale reduction

Type of effect Mean change in Sleep Quality score
Total effect (irrespective of whether pain reduction occurs)
 Pregabalin treatment → restorative sleep −1.295
 Pregabalin treatment → pain reduction → restorative sleep
Indirect or mediated effect (via pain reduction)
 Pregabalin treatment → pain reduction → restorative sleep −0.718

Note: Data from the randomized controlled trial (RCT) published by Mease et al26 and analyzed by Russell et al.27