Table 1.

Participant demographics

Characteristics	Total number of participants, n (%)
Age (years)
25–35	7 (10.1)
36–44	19 (27.5)
45–54	10 (14.5)
55–64	21 (30.4)
≥65	9 (13.0)
Sex
Female	38 (55.1)
Male	27 (39.1)
Years in practice
0–5	8 (11.6)
6–10	7 (10.1)
11–15	9 (13.0)
16–20	11 (15.9)
21–25	7 (10.1)
26–30	10 (14.5)
≥31	15 (21.7)
Race/ethnicity
African American/Black	0 (0)
Hispanic/Latino	2 (2.9)
Asian	2 (2.9)
Caucasian/White	64 (92.8)
Number of patients seen weekly
0–19	5 (7.2)
20–39	6 (8.7)
40–59	18 (26.1)
60–79	15 (21.7)
80–99	15 (21.7)
≥100	8 (11.6)
Practice location
Urban	12 (17.4)
Suburban	10 (14.5)
Small city	27 (39.1)
Rural	18 (26.1)
Primary work facility
Private practice	29 (42.0)
Academic center	13 (18.8)
Community health center	9 (13.0)
Government facility	0 (0)
Long-term care facility	2 (2.9)
Locum tenens	3 (4.3)
Other	10 (14.5)
Previous additional training in pain management
Yes, 0–8 hours	9 (13.0)
Yes, >8 hours	31 (44.9)
No	27 (39.1)
State requirement for opioid-related continuing education
Yes	24 (34.8)
Primary care provider
Yes	39 (56.5)
No	28 (40.6)
Typical number of hours worked/week
<20	0 (0)
20–39	9 (13.0)
40–49	25 (36.2)
50–59	21 (30.4)
≥60	12 (17.4)
Provider type
Advanced practice nurse	18 (26.1)
Physician assistant	8 (11.6)
Physician	39 (56.5)
Registered nurse	1 (1.4)
Other	2 (2.9)