Table 5.

Effects of oils added to the diet on fermentative activity in RUSITEC fermenters.

Item	Control (CTR)	Sunflower oil (SFL)	SFL + Fish oil	SFL + Marine algae	SEM (n = 4)	P-value	P-value contrast CTR vs. OIL	P-value contrast SFL vs. MARINE
CONTROL DIET
Asymptotic gas production, mL/g	321	321	312	328	9.3	0.676	0.903	0.914
Fractional fermentation rate, h−1	0.050	0.049	0.055	0.051	0.0024	0.324	0.695	0.205
Lag time, h	1.3	1.4	1.7	1.6	0.26	0.456	0.179	0.429
Average fermentation rate, mL/h	10.6	10.4	10.9	10.6	0.46	0.820	0.764	0.458
Gas production at 24 h, mL/g	217	215	220	221	7.1	0.936	0.955	0.537
STARCH
Asymptotic gas production, mL/g	414	419	400	422	15.8	0.780	0.980	0.704
Fractional fermentation rate, h−1	0.111	0.107	0.104	0.096	0.0054	0.270	0.184	0.264
Lag time, h	2.2b	3.0ab	3.5ab	5.1a	0.51	0.012	0.016	0.061
Average fermentation rate, mL/h	24.7a	22.2ab	20.1b	18.1b	1.04	0.006	0.003	0.035
Gas production at 24 h, mL/g	377	374	347	346	11.1	0.132	0.120	0.067
CELLULOSE
Asymptotic gas production, mL/g	388	384	356	382	23.3	0.760	0.627	0.604
Fractional fermentation rate, h−1	0.046	0.048	0.051	0.047	0.044	0.924	0.661	0.886
Lag time, h	14.9	15.3	16.6	16.0	1.53	0.859	0.534	0.619
Average fermentation rate, mL/h	6.6	6.4	5.9	6.1	0.40	0.603	0.345	0.374
Gas production at 24 h, mL/g	122	122	100	112	16.2	0.753	0.590	0.432

CTR, Control diet; SFL, control diet supplemented with 2% sunflower oil; SFL + fish oil, control diet supplemented with 2% sunflower oil + 1% fish oil; SFL + algae oil, control diet supplemented with 2% sunflower oil + 1% algae oil.

SEM, Standard error of the mean.

Contrast CTR vs. OIL: comparison between CTR and all treatments supplemented with oil.

Contrast SFL vs. MARINE: comparison between SFL and treatments supplemented with marine oils.

^a,bWithin a row, mean values without common superscript letters differ (P < 0.05).