Table 5.
The association between CRP, symptoms and ADL disabilities
| Symptoms | ADL disabilities | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted odd ratio (95% CI) | p | Adjusted odd ratio (95% CI) | p | |
| CRP (mg/dl) | ||||
| CRP < 1 | 1.0 | Reference | 1.0 | Reference |
| 1 = < CRP < 5 | 1.6 (1.2–2.0) | <0.001 | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 0.73 |
| 5 = < CRP < 10 | 2.5 (1.9–3.2) | <0.001 | 1.3 (1.0–1.8) | 0.76 |
| 10 = < CRP | 3.5 (2.7–4.6) | <0.001 | 2.1 (1.5–2.9) | <0.001 |
| Age | ||||
| Less than 70 years | 1.0 | Reference | 1.0 | Reference |
| 70 years or older | 0.9 (0.7–1.0) | 0.14 | 1.6 (1.3–2.0) | <0.001 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 1.0 | Reference | 1.0 | Reference |
| Female | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 0.93 | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 0.50 |
| Site of primary cancer | ||||
| Lung | 1.0 | Reference | 1.0 | Reference |
| Upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.43 | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.43 |
| Liver, biliary system, pancreas | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.55 | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.46 |
| Breast | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.27 | 1.0 (0.6–1.8) | 0.89 |
| Gynecologic | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.38 | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.18 |
| Urological | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | 0.004 | 0.9 (0.5–1.4) | 0.55 |
| Others | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.34 | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 0.63 |
| Metastatic disease | ||||
| No | 1.0 | Reference | 1.0 | Reference |
| Yes | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 0.002 | 1.4 (1.1–1.9) | 0.009 |
| ECOG PS | ||||
| 0–1 | 1.0 | Reference | 1.0 | Reference |
| 2 | 4.1 (2.9–5.8) | <0.001 | 7.2 (4.1–12.6) | <0.001 |
| 3 | 10.8 (7.7–15.1) | <0.001 | 44.3 (25.5–76.8) | <0.001 |
| 4 | 28.2 (19.7–40.3) | <0.001 | 740.0 (408.6–1340.0) | <0.001 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| Yes | 1.0 | Reference | 1.0 | Reference |
| No | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.16 | 0.6 (0.4–0.7) | <0.001 |
| Setting of care | ||||
| Hospital palliative care team | 1.0 | Reference | 1.0 | Reference |
| Palliative care unit | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 0.89 | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 0.70 |
| Home palliative care service | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.46 | 0.5 (0.4–0.7) | <0.001 |
CRP, C‐reactive protein; ADL, activities in daily living; CI, confidence interval; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status.
Adjusted variables are baseline CRP value, age, gender, site of primary cancer, ECOG PS, chemotherapy and setting of care.
In the ordinal logistic regression model, regarding symptoms, significantly higher adjusted odd ratios (ORs) than in the low‐CRP group were observed in the moderate‐CRP, high‐CRP and very high‐CRP groups [1.6 (95% CI 1.2–2.0), P < 0.001; 2.5 (95% CI 1.9–3.2), P < 0.001; 3.5 (95% CI 2.7–4.6), P < 0.001, respectively]. Regarding ADL disabilities, a significantly higher adjusted OR than in the low‐CRP group was not observed in the moderate‐CRP or high‐CRP group but was in the very high‐CRP group [1.3 (95% CI 1.0–1.7), P = 0.73; 1.3 (95% CI 1.0–1.8), P = 0.76; 2.1 (95% CI 1.5–2.9), P < 0.001, respectively].