Table 3.

Associations between Acute Kidney Injury by KDIGO Stage and Delirium or Coma during All Study Days (Including Days on Renal Replacement Therapy)

	Delirium		Coma
Independent Variable	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Acute kidney injury*
KDIGO stage 1	1.13	0.91–1.41	1.30	0.95–1.79
KDIGO stage 2	1.55†	1.07–2.25	2.01†	1.22–3.29
KDIGO stage 3	1.48†	1.00–2.16	1.79†	1.11–2.91
Previous day’s mental status‡
Delirium	28.35†	22.40–35.89	16.32†	11.01–24.18
Coma	48.18†	32.03–72.50	217.87†	116.93–405.93
Age (per yr)	1.03†	1.02–1.03	1.03†	1.02–1.04
Female	1.08	0.86–1.36	1.02	0.73–1.44
African American	0.61†	0.40–0.92	0.78	0.47–1.31
Sepsis	1.08†	1.05–1.10	1.08†	1.04–1.11
Modified SOFA (per unit)	1.06†	1.00–1.12	1.23†	1.15–1.31
Previous day’s sedative exposure
Benzodiazepines (per 1-mg midazolam eq.)	1.02†	1.01–1.04	1.03†	1.02–1.05
Opiates (per 100-μg fentanyl eq.)	1.03†	1.02–1.03	1.04†	1.02–1.05
Propofol (per 100-mg propofol)	1.01	0.99–1.02	1.01	0.99–1.02

Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; KDIGO = Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes; OR = odds ratio; SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.

^*Compared with a reference (OR of 1.0) of KDIGO stage 0 (i.e., no acute kidney injury).

^†Denotes a statistically significant association.

^‡Compared with a reference (OR of 1.0) of “normal” mental status the previous day.