FIG. 10.

A 35-year-old patient, para I, after cesarean section in a developing country (A), with a suspected defect of the cesarean scar. Hysteroscopy shows the margin of the intact wall; the defect seems to be covered by peritoneum alone. (B) The laparoscopic view shows a strong adhesive cord of the anterior uterine wall to the anterior abdominal wall. After opening the left (C) and the right (D) anterior leaf of the broad ligament, the bladder can be kept at a distance and the uterine defect demarcated.