Table 8.

Effect of Cynara scolymus leaves extracts on plasma lipid profile levels of experimental groups of rats

Lipid profile	Control	Diab	Diab + Ethanol extract of leaves C. scolymus (200 mg/kg)	Diab + Ethanol extract of leaves C. scolymus (400 mg/kg)	Diab + Acarbose (12 mg/kg)
TG (mmol/L)	0.57 ± 0.06	1.51 ± 0.36***	0.6 ± 0.05###	0.54 ± 0.05###	0.64 ± 0.07###
T-Ch (mmol/L)	1.45 ± 0.26	1.83 ± 0.11*	1.59 ± 0.05#£££	1.67 ± 0.06#£££	1.28 ± 0.20###
LDL-c (mmol/L)	0.49 ± 0.17	0.9 ± 0.08***	0.56 ± 0.15###	0.6 ± 0.10###	0.55 ± 0.21###
HDL-c (mmol/L)	0.52 ± 0.07	0.27 ± 0.01***	0.47 ± 0.03###£	0.50 ± 0.07###£	0.33 ± 0.04###
HTR (%)	23.05 ± 5.88	15.69 ± 0.50*	26.69 ± 1.82###	29.53 ± 3.21###	28.10 ± 3.27###
AI	2.00 ± 0.07	3.83 ± 0.74***	2.54 ± 0.20#	2.4 ± 0.39#	2.58 ± 0.44#
LDL-c/HDL-c	1.28 ± 0.15	2.32 ± 0.15***	2.11 ± 0.09#	1.6 ± 1.10###	1.73 ± 0.41#

Diabetic rats were orally administered with ethanol extract from leaves of C. scolymus and acarbose at the doses mentioned earlier for 28 days. Values are given as means ± SD (n = 8). ^* p ≤ 0.05, ^*** p ≤ 0.001 were considered significant compared to control group; ^# p ≤ 0.05, ^### p ≤ 0.001 were considered significant compared to diabetic rat.; ^£ p ≤ 0.05, ^£££ p ≤ 0.001 compared to diabetic rats treated with acarbose, ^ns: non-significant changes between diabetic treated groups vs. the control group after 28 days treatment. AI = (T-Ch-HDL-c)/HDL-c, HTR (%) = HDL-C/T-Ch ratio