Table 2. Elements of personal utility.

Domain	Element	Number of studies (N=27)	Proportion (%)	Studies
Personal outcomes
Affective	1. To enhance coping	11	41	14, 15, 24, 30, 31, 32, 35, 37, 42, 44
	2. Mental preparation	5	19	24, 37, 38, 39, 42
	3. Feelings of responsibility	6	22	15, 35, 36, 37, 38, 42
	4. Improved spiritual well-being	3	11	14, 38, 41
Cognitive	5. Value of information	11	41	14, 15, 24, 27, 31, 32, 34, 35, 40, 42, 47
	6. Knowledge of condition	9	33	14, 25, 26, 27, 28, 37, 38, 39, 41
	7. Self-knowledge	7	26	15, 26, 33, 35, 36, 40, 45
	8. Curiosity	7	26	26, 29, 35, 36, 40, 42, 47
Behavioral	9. Ability for future planning	12	44	14, 24, 25, 30, 31, 34, 35, 37, 41, 42, 43, 47
	10. Reproductive autonomy	8	30	15, 24, 25, 30, 32, 37, 38, 41
	11. Communication with relatives	6	22	12, 13, 35, 42, 44, 45
Social outcomes
	12. Research altruism	12	44	14, 15, 26, 27, 28, 29, 37, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45
	13. Concern about discrimination and stigma	10	37	13, 15, 24, 29, 30, 33, 34, 38, 40
	14. Concern about privacy	6	22	13, 30, 34, 40, 42, 44
	15. Change in social support	8	30	12, 14, 24, 32, 33, 35, 37, 41