Table 5.

The Combine contribution of Smoking and alcohol to income-related inequalities in health by wave

	Wave 1						Wave 2
	Health Index			Self-reported health			Health Index			Self-reported health
	Elasticity	Contribution	%	Elasticity	Contribution	%	Elasticity	Contribution	%	Elasticity	Contribution	%
Individual only smokes	0.004	0.000	1.521	0.001	0.000	0.490	0.008	0.000	3.125	0.000	0.000	0.127
Individual only drinks	0.021	0.007	8.564	0.003	0.001	1.049	0.034	0.011	13.527	0.002	0.001	0.775
Individual drinks and smokes	0.025	0.018	9.834	0.007	0.005	2.802	0.034	0.025	13.533	0.003	0.001	1.046
	Wave 3						Wave 4
	Health Index			Self-reported health			Health Index			Self-reported health
	Elasticity	Contribution	%	Elasticity	Contribution	%	Elasticity	Contribution	%	Elasticity	Contribution	%
Individual only smokes	0.022	0.001	8.879	0.002	0.001	0.835	0.003	0.000	1.205	0.000	0.000	0.004
Individual only drinks	0.024	0.013	9.639	0.003	0.000	1.183	0.042	0.009	16.786	0.001	0.001	0.322
Individual drinks and smokes	0.042	0.010	16.962	0.006	0.001	2.263	0.044	0.025	17.613	0.006	0.001	2.569

Notes: Results presented in this table are elasticities, contributions, and percentage contributions of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption to income-related health inequality. The results are obtained by decomposing the income-related health inequality indices into health related covariates, including smoking and alcohol use. Self-reported health is binary and the health index is continuous with high values representing poor health outcomes. The tobacco and alcohol use variables is categorical. Other covariates include household per capita income, gender, categories for age, province of residence, race, marital status, and education