Figure 1. Geographic locations and phenotypes of Chinese weedy rice used in this study.

(a) Geographic locations of the four provinces where weedy rice were collected in the left map (map courtesy of Natural Earth), whereas seeds of weedy rice from Liaoning and Guangdong provinces are shown on the right. (b) Smoothness levels of spikelet bases of rice samples. Top, smoothness levels were scored from 1 to 5 (highly smooth to rough). Bottom, an example of a spikelet base from each Smoothness level category.