Figure 2.

Conserved immunophenotypic and genetic features in patient-derived and corresponding xenogeneic acute myeloid leukemia cells. (A) Whole-body flow cytometry and (B) histopathological analysis of peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow (BM), spleen and liver of transplanted mice revealed heterogeneous infiltration with human leukemic blasts. (A) Semi-quantitative analysis summarizing high (>20%, +++), medium (5–20%, ++) and low (<5%, +) degrees of human leukemic cells among murine cells. Note that cells could be undetectable in PB despite robust BM/organ infiltration. (B) A representative histopathological analysis of BM and spleen from one engrafted sample [patient #9, AML with inv(16)] using hematoxylin & eosin and antibody staining against human CD33, CD34 and CD117 indicating the leukemic origin. (C) A representative multicolor flow cytometric analysis of immunophenotypic profiles of pre- (patient PB-derived) versus post-transplant (mouse BM-derived) AML cells showing no phenotypic changes upon engraftment [patient #8, AML with inv(16)]. (D) Highly conserved genetic patterns in pre- (patient-derived) and post-transplant (mouse BM-derived) samples. Allele frequencies for each mutation as detected by next-generation sequencing are shown. Note the loss of one out of two NRAS mutations (*p.Gln61Hi, # p.Gln61Lys; patient #8) and the gain of a low level ASXL1 mutation (patient #15).