Table 2. Univariate analysis showing variables associated with markers of exposure to hepatitis B virus in female sex workers. Goiânia, Midwestern Brazil.
| Variable | Totala | HBV positiveb | Odds ratio | 95%CIc | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| % | 95%CIc | |||||
| Age | ||||||
| ≤ 25 | 91 | 17.0 | 5.6–41.4 | 1.00 | - | < 0.001 |
| 26–30 | 76 | 11.9 | 4.2–29.2 | 0.66 | 0.28–1.58 | |
| 31–40 | 82 | 27.1 | 15.1–43.7 | 1.82 | 0.88–3.75 | |
| > 40 | 44 | 41.5 | 22.9–62.9 | 3.47 | 1.53–7.87 | |
| Education level (years) | ||||||
| ≤ 4 | 39 | 37.3 | 20.8–57.3. | 3.16 | 1.35–7.41 | 0.009 |
| 5–9 | 119 | 25.1 | 15.4–38.0 | 1.78 | 0.97–3.28 | |
| ≥ 10 | 135 | 15.8 | 6.8–32.7 | 1.00 | - | |
| Single | ||||||
| No | 97 | 14.6 | 7.7–26.0 | 1.00 | - | 0.028 |
| Yes | 196 | 25.9 | 16.4–38.3 | 2.05 | 1.10–3.83 | |
| Age of first sexual intercourse | ||||||
| 7–14 | 88 | 27.4 | 15.0–44.5 | 1.00 | - | 0.051 |
| 15–17 | 154 | 16.6 | 8.4–30.2 | 0.53 | 0.27–1.02 | |
| 18–30 | 50 | 29.2 | 13.5–52.2 | 1.09 | 0.50–2.39 | |
| Meets clients on the street | ||||||
| No | 192 | 16.8 | 8.9–29.3 | 1.00 | - | 0.003 |
| Yes | 101 | 33.1 | 21.6–47.0 | 2.47 | 1.39–4.402 | |
| Average amount earned last day of work (US$) | ||||||
| 75.01–350.00 | 58 | 23.6 | 7.4–54.5 | 1.00 | - | 0.283 |
| 25.01–75.00 | 62 | 21.5 | 9.7–41.2 | 0.47 | 0.22–1.02 | |
| 15.01–25.00 | 96 | 15.5 | 8.1–27.5 | 0.70 | 0.32–1.54 | |
| 3.50–15.00 | 76 | 28.1 | 16.2–44.1 | 0.79 | 0.37–1.71 | |
| Partners who did not pay for sex (last week) | ||||||
| ≥ 1 | 133 | 16.9 | 7.5–33.9 | 0.61 | 0.34–1.09 | 0.114 |
| 0 | 159 | 25.2 | 16.3–36.9 | 1.00 | - | |
| Always uses condom with clients | ||||||
| Yes | 267 | 20.9 | 13.7–30.5 | 1.00 | - | 0.325 |
| No | 23 | 30.5 | 10.4–62.3 | 1.61 | 0.67–3.87 | |
| Use of condom with last client | ||||||
| Yes | 287 | 21.7 | 14.7–31.0 | 1.00 | - | 1.000 |
| No | 4 | 22.9 | 2.5–77.5 | 1.20 | 0.12–11.70 | |
| In the last sexual intercourse the condom use was suggested by both | ||||||
| Yes | 81 | 13.6 | 6.6–26.0 | 1.00 | - | 0.039 |
| No | 206 | 24.9 | 15.9–36.8 | 2.12 | 1.04–4.31 | |
| Use of condom with steady partner in the last sexual intercourse | ||||||
| Yes | 89 | 16.6 | 8.4–30.1 | 1.00 | - | 0.227 |
| No | 201 | 22.5 | 13.8–34.6 | 1.486 | 0.80–2.77 | |
| Obtains male condom exclusively in the workplace | ||||||
| No | 225 | 25.4 | 16.9–36.4 | 3.77 | 1.44–9.88 | 0.003 |
| Yes | 64 | 8.0 | 3.0–19.9 | 1.00 | - | |
| Alcohol use in the last month | ||||||
| No/Only once a month | 95 | 21.5 | 12.2–35.0. | 1.00 | - | 0.983 |
| At least three times a week | 103 | 21.0 | 10.1–38.7 | 0.97 | 0.49–1.95 | |
| Everyday | 95 | 22.8 | 12.0–38.9 | 1.08 | 0.52–2.26 | |
| Cocaine used | ||||||
| No | 222 | 18.7 | 12.6–26.9 | 1.00 | - | 0.042 |
| Yes | 71 | 31.6 | 13.4–57.8 | 1.95 | 1.05–3.60 | |
| Tattooing/Piercing | ||||||
| No | 127 | 22.5 | 14.4–33.2 | 1.00 | - | 0.886 |
| Yes | 166 | 21.1 | 11.4–35.8 | 0.93 | 0.53–1.63 | |
| Previous blood transfusion | ||||||
| No | 249 | 19.1 | 12.0–29.1 | 1.00 | - | 0.004 |
| Yes | 44 | 47.3 | 29.8–65.5 | 3.63 | 1.58–8.32 | |
| Is burning pain during urination a symptom of STI? | ||||||
| Yes | 195 | 16.2 | 9.9–25.3 | 1.00 | - | 0.003 |
| No | 29 | 28.1 | 10.9–55.5 | 2.02 | 0.83–4.90 | |
| Do not know | 69 | 35.9 | 18.0–58.8 | 2.90 | 1.54–5.48 | |
| Are genital ulcers/sore symptoms of STI? | ||||||
| Yes | 210 | 15.3 | 9.4–24.0 | 1.00 | - | < 0.001 |
| No | 27 | 23.2 | 8.5–49.4 | 1.67 | 0.73–3.81 | |
| Do not know | 56 | 46.1 | 24.6–69.2 | 4.73 | 2.41–9.28 | |
| Is itchy skin a symptom of STI? | ||||||
| Yes | 206 | 20.1 | 12.9–29.9 | 3.25 | 0.95–11.10 | 0.001 |
| No | 24 | 7.2 | 1.5–28.0 | 1.00 | ||
| Do not know | 63 | 37.0 | 18.3–60.7 | 7.60 | 2.09–27.58 | |
STI: sexually transmitted infection
a Unadjusted.
b Adjusted by Respondent-Driven Sampling Analysis.
c 95% confidence interval.
d Only one injection cocaine user; different denominators in the results represent missing data, which may have occurred from participants not answering certain questions.