Fig. 4.

Single cell and bulk HIV-1 usRNA and msRNA responses in HIV-1-infected U1 cells to various stimuli. (A) Bulk and single cell HIV-2 usRNA U1 responses to mitogen (PHA) or HDAC inhibitor stimulation are shown in the left and right panels respectively. Romidepsin increased usRNA in bulk cell extracts as well as the percentage of cells expressing RNA. In contrast, RMD decreased bulk msRNA production and the percentage of U1 cells expressing msRNA (B). Error bars represent standard error for two parallel experiments (conventional qPCR) or up to 16 individual experimental wells (scdPCR).