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. 2017 Jun 13;82:311–319. doi: 10.12659/PJR.901791

Table 1.

Various causes of toxic leukoencephalopathy.

  • Chemotherapeutic agents

    • Methotrexate

    • Melphalan

    • 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU)

    • Fludarabine

    • Cytarabine

    • 5-fluorouracil

    • Cisplatin

  • Cranial irradiation

  • Metabolic disorders

    • Uremia

    • Phenylketonuria (PKU)

  • Occupational exposures

    • Organic solvents

  • Hypoxia

  • Environmental toxins

    • Carbon monoxide

    • Arsenic

    • CCl4

  • Drugs of abuse

    • Heroin

    • Methamphetamine

    • Ethanol

    • Cocaine

    • Toluene

  • Immunosuppresive agents

    • Amphotericin B

    • Hexachlorophene