TABLE II.

The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS)[9] used for sedation assessment.

Score	Term	Description
+4	Combative	Combative, violent, danger to staff
+3	Very agitated	Pulls or removes tube(s); aggressive
+2	Agitated	Fights ventilator
+1	Restless	Anxious but aggressive
0	Alert and calm
−1	Drowsy	Awakens to voice (eye opening > 10s)
−2	Light sedation	Awakens to voice (eye opening < 10s)
−3	Moderate sedation	Movement or eye opening to voice (but no eye contact)
−4	Deep sedation	No response to voice, moves or opens eyes to physical stimulation
−5	Unarousable	No response to voice or physical stimulation