Table 1.
Causes of recurrent acute and chronic pancreatitis
| Cause (%) | Approximate frequency | |
|---|---|---|
| RAP | CP | |
| Gallstones | 10–30 | Rare |
| Alcohol | 25–50 | 40–70 |
| Idiopathic | 10–30 | 20–30 |
| Genetic- CFTR, SPINK1, PRSS1, CTRC, CPA | 5–10 | 10–15 |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | 3–5 | 1–2 |
| Autoimmune Pancreatitis | 2 | 2 |
| Celiac disease | 1 | 1 |
| Other autoimmune diseases | 1 | 1 |
| Post-necrotic | Unknown | 3 |
| Obstructive causes (e.g. stricture, tumor) | <5% | <5% |
| Pancreas divisum | Controversial | Controversial |
| Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction | Controversial | Controversial |
| Hypercalcemia | Rare | Rare |
| Drugs | Rare | 0 |