Table 1.

Outcomes from the Defeating Urinary Incontinence with Exercise Training Intervention (N=42)

	Treatment Group		Control Group
	Baseline N=23	12 week N=23	Baseline N=19	12 week N=19
Characteristics	Mean±SD	Mean±SD	Mean±SD	Mean±SD	F(df)	d	p
Incontinence Variables
Mean daily urinary leaks via 3-day bladder diary	1.5±2.0 N= 21	0.8±1.1 N= 18	1.7±1.8 N= 17	1.7±1.1 N= 14	6.6 (2, 20)	−0.9a	.036
ICIQ Urinary incontinence severity (normal range: 0- 21)	7.7±2.9	7.2±3.8	9.5±3.4	7.7±3.7	1.9 (2, 38)	−0.5a	.664
Toileting Skills Variables
Performance Oriented Timed Toileting Instrument (in seconds)	33.1±18.5	32.3±7.1	33.8±13.9	34.0±6.9	107.1 (2, 40)	−1.8a	.423
Minnesota Toileting Skills Questionnaire (normal range: 0-20)	3.0±2.9	2.6±2.2	2.9±2.2	3.7±2.2	24.8 (2, 39)	−1.1a	.115
Physical Function Variables
SPPB total score (normal range: 0-12)	7.0±2.4	7.3±1.6	6.9±2.6	7.4±1.6	42.0 (2, 40)	−0.1b	.802
SPPB Balance Score (normal range: 0-4)	2.5±1.2	2.7±0.8	2.8±1.2	2.5±0.8	32.7 (2, 40)	0.3a	.328
SPPB Gait Score (normal range: 0-4)	2.7±0.9	3.3±0.7	2.8±1.0	3.1±0.7	12.3 (2, 40)	0.3a	.241
SPPB Chair Stand Score (normal range: 0-4)	1.8±1.4	1.3±1.1	1.2±1.1	1.9±1.1	12.2 (2, 40)	−0.5 b	.144
Incontinence-Quality of Life Variables
Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (normal range: 0-400)	45.8±48.8	39.5±31.6	58.8±58.8	40.8±31.6	45.7 (2, 39)	−1.3b	.898
Urinary Distress Inventory (normal range: 0-300)	64.8±46.7	44.0±3 5.2	73.7±44.5	52.2±35.3	5.1 (2, 40)	3.3a	.897

Note: Each row represents an ANCOVA model controlling for the baseline value of the outcome and group assignment. Adjusted means and standard deviations are reported for the 12-week assessments. The reference group is the control group.

^aThe treatment group improved more at 12 weeks than the control group.

^bThe control group improved more at 12 weeks than the treatment group.

ICIQ=International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire

SPPB=Short Physical Performance Battery