Table 1.

Baseline Characteristics by Group Status

Variables	Controls N=1468		Cases N=367		P value
Demographics	n	%	n	%
Age, Mean (SD) (matching variable; for descriptive purposes only)	84.8	(8.2)	84.8	(8.2)	N/A
Male (matching variable; for descriptive purposes only)	340	23.2	85	23.2	N/A
White, Non-Hispanic	1261	85.9	328	89.4	0.08
Health Status Factors
Cognitive function					0.005
intact	466	31.7	85	23.2
mild to moderate impairment	865	58.9	243	66.2
severe impairment	137	9.3	39	10.6
Walking aid use	1384	94.3	336	91.6	0.051
Vision Impairment	458	31.2	121	33.0	0.49
Wandering	100	6.8	44	12.0	0.001
Parkinson’s disease	72	4.9	26	7.1	0.10
Urinary incontinence	795	54.2	191	52.0	0.47
Charlson Comorbidity Index excluding Dementia, Mean (SD)	5.0	(3.2)	5.1	(3.3)	0.57
Use of other medications that may increase risk of falls/fracture/syncopea	155	10.6	43	11.7	0.52
Number of medications at admission excluding those above b					0.45
0	271	18.5	56	15.3
1–3	485	33.0	125	34.1
4–8	556	37.9	150	40.9
>=9	156	10.6	36	9.8
CNS Medication Indications	970	66.1	233	63.5	0.35
Anxiety	317	21.6	86	23.4	0.47
Depression	182	12.4	36	9.8	0.17
Seizure disorder	78	5.3	22	6.0	0.60
Moderate/severe bodily pain	562	38.3	122	33.2	0.07
Dementia medications	234	15.9	58	15.8	0.95

^aAntidepressants other than TCAs, SSRIs, and SNRIs, or peripheral alpha blockers or skeletal muscle relaxants;

^bExcluding antidepressants, antiepileptics, antipsychotics, benzodiazepine receptor agonist hypnotics, opioid receptor agonists, peripheral alpha blockers, and skeletal muscle relaxants.

Abbreviations: CNS = central nervous system; MDS = Minimum Data Set; SD= standard deviation; SNRI = serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SSRI = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; TCA = tricyclic antidepressant