Table 2.
Urinary DAP metabolites, DNA damage, AChE activity, and occupational knowledge and practice scores
| Parameters | Median (P25th-P75th) | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rice farmers (n=21) | Corn farmers (n=33) | Double-crop farmers (n=49) | Non-farmers (n=47) | ||
| DMP=dimethylphosphate; DMTP=dimethylthiophosphate; DMDTP=dimethyldithiophosphate; DEP=diethylphosphate, DETP=diethylthiophosphate;DEDTP=diethyldithiophosphate;aΣDMP=DMP+DMTP+DMDTP;b ΣDEP=DEP+DETP+DEDTP; c ΣDAP=ΣDMP+ΣDEP; d data not collected in non-farmers | |||||
| Urinary DAP metabolite concentrations, (μg/g creatinine) | |||||
| DMP | 5.0 (2.8-7.6) | 5.7 (2.8-11.8) | 3.5 (2.4-8.9) | d | 0.409 |
| DMTP | 0.4 (0.23-0.56) | 0.3 (0.18-0.45) | 0.26 (0.18-0.45) | d | 0.271 |
| DMDTP | 0.36 (0.22-0.51) | 0.33 (0.18-0.48) | 0.26 (0.18-0.4) | d | 0.378 |
| DEP | 0.51 (0.34-1.2) | 0.36 (0.26-0.87) | 0.33 (0.19-0.81) | d | 0.103 |
| DETP | 0.26 (0.15-1.0) | 0.16 (0.09-0.26) | 0.15 (0.09-0.36) | d | 0.151 |
| DEDTP | 0.4 (0.27-0.96) | 0.33 (0.18-0.48) | 0.26 (0.18-0.48) | d | 0.084 |
| ΣDMP a | 6.4 (3.5-8.8) | 6.6 (3.8-12.7) | 4.0 (2.8-10.6) | d | 0.407 |
| ΣDEP b | 1.8 (0.75-3.7) | 1.1 (0.65-1.9) | 0.82 (0.47-2.1) | d | 0.097 |
| ΣDAP c | 9.4 (5.2-12.3) | 7.7 (4.4-17.0) | 6.5 (3.1-13.9) | d | 0.420 |
| DNA damage | |||||
| Tail length, μm | 6.4 (5.8-6.8) | 6.3 (5.7-6.5) | 6.4 (6.1-6.7) | 6.3 (5.6-6.5) | 0.336 |
| Tail moment, μm | 3.3 (3.1-3.4) | 3.2 (3.0-3.3) | 3.3 (3.1-3.3) | 3.2 (2.9-3.3) | 0.393 |
| AChE, U/l | 10,764 (10,530-11,466) | 10,296 (9,126-11,232) | 10,530 (9,360-11,700) | 10,530 (9,594-11,466) | 0.662 |
| Occupational knowledge score (31 full marks) | |||||
| Before pesticide spraying | 11 (10-11) | 10 (9-11) | 11 (10-11) | d | 0.152 |
| During pesticide spraying | 12 (11-13) | 12 (10-12) | 11 (10-13) | d | 0.371 |
| After pesticide spraying | 7 (6-7) | 7 (6-7) | 7 (6-7) | d | 0.455 |
| Total knowledge score | 30 (28-30) | 29 (25-30) | 28 (27-31) | d | 0.226 |
| Occupational practice score (62 full marks) | |||||
| Before pesticide spraying | 21 (18-22) | 19 (17-21) | 20 (17-22) | d | 0.481 |
| During pesticide spraying | 25 (20-26) | 23 (20-24) | 22 (19-24) | d | 0.056 |
| After pesticide spraying | 13 (12-14) | 12 (11-13) | 13 (12-14) | d | 0.118 |
| Total practice score | 59 (50-60) | 53 (49-58) | 55 (48-58) | d | 0.183 |