Table 2.
Reported Cases of Ganglyocytic Paraganglioma of the Duodenum (2007-2016, n=45).
| No. | ref. | Age | Sex | Symptom at onset | Location | Size (mm) | Macroscopic-type | Depth | LN | Treatment | Status, Follow-up period (mth) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10 | 51 | M | fatigue, dyspnea | MPV | 14 | polypoid mass | N.A | (-) | ER | NED, 14 |
| 2 | 11 | 66 | M | epigastralgia, vomiting | minor papilla | 20 | SMT | SM | (-) | ER | NED, 24 |
| 3 | 12 | 53 | M | no symptom | 2nd portion | 13 | pedunculated SMT | SM | N.A | ER | N.A |
| 4 | 13 | 75 | F | melena, anemia | 2nd portion | 40 | pedunculated tumor | N.A | (-) | LapTDTR | NED, 24 |
| 5 | 14 | 38 | F | abdominal pain | near MPV | 15 | polypoid | MP | (+) | ER → PPPD | N.A |
| 6 | 15 | 48 | M | abdominal pain | 2nd portion | 35 | subepithelial tumor | N.A | N.A | local excision | N.A |
| 7 | 16 | 67 | M | no symptom | MPV | 15 | ball-like lesion | N.A | N.A | LTDR | N.A |
| 8 | 17 | 17 | F | abdominal pain, weight loss | 2nd~3rd portion | N.A | mass | SS | (+) | PPPD | N.A |
| 9 | 18 | 60s | M | no symptom | anal of MPV | 25 | polypoid SMT | SM | N.A | PD | NED, 12 |
| 10 | 19 | 70 | F | abdominal pain | near MPV | 19 | polypoid mass | N.A | N.A | ER → LTDR | NED, 48 |
| 11 | 20 | 56 | F | melena | MPV | 25 | SMT | MP | (-) | PPPD | NED, 16 |
| 12 | 21 | 61 | M | epigastralgia, melena | MPV | 30 | lobulated SMT | MP | (+) | PPPD | NED, 6 |
| 13 | 22 | 52 | M | vomitting | 3rd portion | 35 | SMT | MP | (-) | LTDR | N.A |
| 14 | 23 | 62 | F | abdominal pain | MPV | 20 | polypoid mass | SM | (-) | laparotomy | NED, 12 |
| 15 | 24 | 61 | M | abdominal pain, weight loss | 2nd portion | 15 | submucosal nodule | N.A | (+) | PPPD | NED, 12 |
| 16 | 25 | 33 | F | abdominal pain, vomitting | MPV | 39 | polypoid mass | N.A | N.A | local excision | NED, 12 |
| 17 | 26 | 16 | M | melena, dyspnea | MPV | 35 | polypoid | MP | (+) | PPPD | NED, 36 |
| 18 | 27 | 20 | F | melena, anemia | 2nd portion | 50 | polypoid mass | MP | (-) | PPPD | NED, 11 |
| 19 | 28 | 52 | F | N.A | near minor papilla | 10 | nodular mass | MP | (+) | PD | alive*, 27 |
| 20 | 29 | 53 | M | abdominal pain, vomitting | MPV | 25 | SMT | N.A | (-) | LTDR | N.A$ |
| 21 | 30 | 51 | F | melena, anemia | MPV | 25 | polypoid mass | SS | (+) | PD | NED, 96 |
| 22 | 31 | 54 | F | no symptom | near MPV | 15 | SMT | N.A | N.A | LTDR | NED, 30 |
| 23 | 32 | 16 | M | abdominal pain, weight loss | 3rd portion | 25 | pedunculated SMT | SM | (-) | LTDR | NED, 15 |
| 24 | 33 | 67 | M | melena, anemia | 2nd portion | 30 | submucosal nodule | SM | (-) | local excision | NED, 15 |
| 25 | 34 | 57 | M | abdominal pain, vomitting | MPV | 30 | mass | N.A | (+) | laparotomy | alive*, 8 |
| 26 | 35 | 56 | F | abdominal pain, weight loss | near MPV | 18 | mass | N.A | (+) | PPPD | N.A |
| 27 | 36 | 32 | M | melena | 2nd portion | 23 | SMT | SM | N.A | LTDR | N.A |
| 28 | 37 | 92 | F | jaundice | near MPV | 20 | SMT | SM | (-) | ER | N.A |
| 29 | 38 | 72 | F | weight loss | near MPV | 37 | polypoid mass | SM | (-) | local excision | NED, 17 |
| 30 | 2 | 47 | M | abdominal pain | near MPV | 30 | mass | pancreas | (+) | PD | dead, 13# |
| 31 | 39 | 56 | F | dyspepsia | near MPV | 29 | subepithelial tumor | N.A | N.A | ER | NED, 6 |
| 32 | " | 56 | F | anemia | 2nd portion | 50 | lobulated mass | N.A | N.A | ER → LTDR | NED, 30 |
| 33 | " | 46 | F | no symptom | MPV | N.A | enlarged papilla | N.A | N.A | ER | NED, 23 |
| 34 | " | 70 | M | no symptom | 2nd portion | 20 | subepithelial tumor | N.A | (-) | ER | NED, 12 |
| 35 | 3 | 50 | M | abdominal pain | MPV | 30 | mass | SM | N.A | LTDR | NED, 36 |
| 36 | 40 | 47 | M | abdominal pain | MPV | 40 | polypoid | pancreas | (+) | PD | NED, 24 |
| 37 | 41 | 48 | M | melena, weight loss | 4th portion | 40 | polypoid | SM | N.A | SD | NED, 24 |
| 38 | 42 | 48 | M | no symptom | 2nd portion | 15 | subepithelial tumor | SM | N.A | ER | N.A |
| 39 | 43 | 41 | F | abdominal pain | MPV | 20 | polypoid | SM | (-) | ER | NED, 6 |
| 40 | 44 | 38 | M | hematochezia, anemia | 2nd portion | 15 | polypoid | SM | (-) | local excision | NED, 12 |
| 41 | 45 | 70 | M | no symptom | MPV | 23 | SMT | SM | (-) | LTDR | N.A |
| 42 | 46 | 50 | M | melena | 3rd portion | 25 | SMT | MP | (-) | LTDR | N.A |
| 43 | 47 | 42 | M | melena, dizziness | 3rd portion | 30 | polypoid | SM | N.A | local excision | not followed |
| 44 | " | 49 | M | abdominal pain | MPV | 40 | mass | pancreas | (+) | PD | NED, 36 |
| 45 | 48 | 45 | M | abdominal pain, melena | MPV | 15 | mass (pedunculated) | SM | (+) | LTDR | alive, 3** |
F: female, M: male, LN: lymph node metastasis, MPV: major papilla Vater, ER: endoscopic resection, PD: pancreaticoduodenectomy, PPPD: pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, NED: no evidence of disease, SMT: submucosal tumor, SM: submucosa, MP: muscular propria, SS: subserosa, LapTDR: laparoscopic transduodenal resection, LTDR: laparotomic
transduodenal resection, SD: segmental duodenectomy, *alive with liver metastasis, **alive with regional lymph node recurrence, $accompanied with esophageal adenocarcinoma, #died of disease with metastasis to the pelvis and liver