Figure 2.

The normal structure of the arterial vessel wall. The intima, media, adventitia, and perivascular adipose tissue comprise the intact and normal arterial vessel wall. Therefore, cells from the arterial vessel wall mainly consist of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and adipocytes. Other cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells, also reside in the arterial vessel wall. In addition, the vasa vasorum promotes blood and oxygen delivery to the arterial vessel wall.